Qualidade de semeadura da soja e seu reflexo no rendimento de grãos
In soybean cultivation, seeding quality is one of the key factors for successful establishment and crop productivity. Taking into account the importance of sowing, this project intends to evaluate the effect of the variability of seed distribution in the seeding line, based on failures and double si...
| Autor principal: | Beckhauser, Juliano |
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| Formato: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/10696 |
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| Resumo: |
In soybean cultivation, seeding quality is one of the key factors for successful establishment and crop productivity. Taking into account the importance of sowing, this project intends to evaluate the effect of the variability of seed distribution in the seeding line, based on failures and double simulations, in relation to yield components and soybean yield. The study was conducted at the UNEPE (Teaching and Research Unit) of Annual Crops of the Federal Technological University of Parana, Campus Dois Vizinhos. Two cultivars with different maturity cycles were used, NS 5445 IPRO [marca registrada], from the relative maturity group 5.4, and cultivar M 6410 IPRO [marca registrada], with a maturity of 6.4, both with indeterminate growth types. The seeding was done mechanically, by the seed drill model Semeato SHM 11/13. When the soybean plants were in the V2 development stage, manual thinning was done, aiming to fix the plant populations in 200, 300 and 400 thousand ha-1 plants. In parallel, the following treatments were applied in the cultivars and respective populations: T1: control, soybean plants uniformly distributed in the sowing line; T2: 25% variation in the distribution among plants in the sowing line; T3: 50% variation in distribution among plants in the sowing line; T4: 75% variation in distribution among plants in the sowing line; T5: 100% variation in the distribution among plants in the sowing line. Fertilization and phytosanitary management were the same for both cultivars and followed the recommendation for cultivation and monitoring. A useful area of 5.4 m² per plot was collected and five plants were randomly collected to evaluate the yield components: plant height, height of first pod insertion, number of pods per plant and number of grains per plant. From the total of grains harvested in each plot, the thousand grain weight and productivity were evaluated, extrapolating the result to hectare. The experimental design was done by randomized blocks with four replications. The data were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test to identify possible interactions between sites, cultivars and levels of variability of plant distribution in the sowing line, setting a trifactorial scheme. The spatial variation of plants in the sowing line had no influence on yield components and final yield of both cultivars, as a result of soybean plasticity. |
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