Análise exergética da vinhaça para produção de biogás
Vinasse is a residual liquid originating from the fractional distillation of fermented by yeast, sugarcane juice, molasses or mixed of both. Due to its physico-chemical characteristics and its large quantity produced, it presents itself as the residue that demands greater concern with the final dest...
| Autor principal: | Souza, Rita de Cássia Pereira de |
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| Formato: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/12135 |
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| Resumo: |
Vinasse is a residual liquid originating from the fractional distillation of fermented by yeast, sugarcane juice, molasses or mixed of both. Due to its physico-chemical characteristics and its large quantity produced, it presents itself as the residue that demands greater concern with the final destination. Among the alternatives for vinasse discarding, anaerobic digestion stands out, given the ability to decrease the organic matter concentration and neutralize the pH of this effluent, maintaining its fertilizer characteristics, in addition to producing biogas that can meet the demands of heat and/or electricity, among other possibilities. The variable composition of the vinasse, as well as the distinct nature of the processes involved (biological, thermal, chemical and mechanical) makes it difficult to evaluate the conversion efficiency and power generation of the same. In this context, this work proposes an exergética analysis of the vinasse recovery process via anaerobic biodigestion and biogas production. A UASB reactor (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) was modeled in Microsoft Office Excel® software, and thermodynamic equations were used to evaluate its energy potential and its exergetic efficiency. Thus, the results indicate that the anaerobic treatment can recover a significant portion of exergy in the vinasse (10336.5 GJ), after treatment of the same (4912.8 GJ in the form of biogas and 410.4 GJ treated effluent - can be used as fertilizer in crops). The exergy destroyed in this process is due to the cooling of the vinasse before entering the UASB reactor (166 GJ) and by the production of sludge, added to the irreversibilities of the process (5013.2). The exergetic efficiency of the process was 51%, and the total pollution rate, which characterizes the exergic destruction in the environment, was 0.94, and until the value of 1.0 we have a satisfactory factor, influenced only by the irreversibilities the process. Both considering the treated effluent and biogas as a useful product. In general, the analysis of the results showed that the proposed methodology is a useful tool in the evaluation and comparison of environmental performance in the treatment of effluents. |
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