Registro fonte: Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica

Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica

The aim of this paper was to isolate, characterize and select isolates of Pochonia chlamydosporia, aiming the control of Meloidogyne javanica. In order to obtain isolates, soil samples, naturally infested by Meloidogyne spp. were plated in a semiselective culture medium, according to the serial dilu...

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Autor principal:	Deifeld, Felipe Luiz Chiamulera
Formato:	Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação)
Idioma:	Português
Publicado em:	Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná 2020
Assuntos:	Pragas - Controle biológico Fungos nematófagos Pragas agrícolas Pests - Biological control Fungi, Nematode-destroying Agricultural pests CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA
Acesso em linha:	http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/14130
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spelling	riut-1-141302020-11-16T20:38:23Z Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica Selection of isolates of Pochonia chlamydosporia to control of Meloidogyne javanica Deifeld, Felipe Luiz Chiamulera Giaretta, Rosangela Dallemole Reiner, Driéli Aparecida Santos, Idalmir dos Reiner, Driéli Aparecida Giaretta, Rosangela Dallemole Pragas - Controle biológico Fungos nematófagos Pragas agrícolas Pests - Biological control Fungi, Nematode-destroying Agricultural pests CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA The aim of this paper was to isolate, characterize and select isolates of Pochonia chlamydosporia, aiming the control of Meloidogyne javanica. In order to obtain isolates, soil samples, naturally infested by Meloidogyne spp. were plated in a semiselective culture medium, according to the serial dilutions technique. The plates were incubated at 24 ºC, for 21 days in darkness. Then, the fungal colonies were repicated to Petri dishes containing culture medium potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) and incubated at 24 ºC, for 15 days, in darkness. As a result, were obtained 12 isolates, identified as P. chlamydosporia. They were stored in sílica-gel for later studies. The species of isolates were determined through visualization of the reproductive structures of the fungus and the isolates were repicated to PDA medium for the determination of their color and diameter. All the isolates were specie chlamydosporia, with colony diameter ranging between 6.97 e 7.78 cm and yellow coloration or beige. To quantify the chlamydospores production, 3 fungal mycelium discs of 8 mm diameter were deposited in plastic bag, which contained 150 g of rice and 70 mL of water, previously autoclaved for 30 minutes at 120 ºC and 1 atm. The plastic bags were sealed and incubated at 24 ºC, for 21 days in darkness. The isolates that produced the higher amount of chlamydospores were PC-8 e PC-2. Another experiment was done under greenhouse conditions, to evaluate the efficiency of the isolates in controlling of Meloidogyne javanica. For this, a mixture of soil:sand, in the ratio 2:1 (v:v), was sterilized in autoclave for 1 hour at 120 ºC and 1 atm. That substrate was transferred to plastic bags and infested with 8,000 eggs of M. javanica Kg-1 of soil. Rice grains colonized by P. chlamydosporia isolates, were separately added in to bags containing the substrate, which were the treatments. The control treatment was just the substrate infested with nematodes. The humidity of the treamentes was adjusted by the field capacity, and the substrates were homogenized and incubated in growing chambers at 24 ºC for 15 days in darkness. Then, the substrate was homogenized one more time and 500 g of it was deposited in vases, which capacity was 700 mL. A tomato seedling, at age of 21 days, was transplanted in each vase. After 41 days, the evaluation of fresh root mass, height and mass of fresh aerial part, number of galls and eggs in the root system was done. The isolates PC-2, PC-4, PC-5, PC-6 and PC-13 reduced the number of galls in 65%, 61%, 57%, 64% e 48%, when compared to the control treatment. Already the isolates PC-2, PC-4 e PC-5 reduced the number of eggs in 77%, 75% e 80%, in relation to control. All isolates multiplied in the soil. As conclusion, PC-2 has potential to be studied in a biological control program, once it has good characteristics for mass production and nematode control. O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar, caracterizar e selecionar isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia, visando o controle de Meloidogyne javanica. Para obter os isolados, amostras de solos naturalmente infestados com Meloidogyne spp. e da rizosfera de plantas de tomate foram plaqueadas em meio de cultura semi-seletivo, conforme a técnica de diluições seriadas. As placas foram armazenadas a 24 ºC, por 21 dias, no escuro. Após, as colônias fúngicas foram repicadas para placas de Petri contendo meio de cultura batata-dextrose-ágar (BDA) e incubadas a 24 ºC, por 15 dias, no escuro. Foram obtidos 12 isolados, identificados como P. chlamydosporia. Estes foram armazenados em sílica-gel para estudos posteriores. A variedade dos isolados foi determinada através da visualização do arranjo das estruturas reprodutivas do fungo e, para determinar a coloração e diâmetro de colônia, os isolados foram repicados para meio de cultura BDA. Todos os isolados pertenciam à variedade chlamydosporia, com diâmetros de colônia variando entre 6,97 e 7,78 cm e coloração amarela ou bege. Para quantificar a produção de clamidósporos dos isolados obtidos, 3 discos de micélio fúngico de 8 mm de diâmetro foram depositados em sacos plásticos contendo 150 g de arroz e 70 mL de água, previamente autoclavados por 30 minutos a 120 ºC e 1 atm. Os sacos foram fechados e armazenados a 24 ºC, por 21 dias, no escuro. Os isolados que produziram maior número de clamidósporos foram PC-8 e PC-2. Outro experimento foi montado para avaliar a eficiência dos isolados no controle de Meloidogyne javanica, em casa de vegetação. Para isso, uma mistura de solo:areia, na proporção de 2:1 (v:v), foi esterilizada em autoclave por 1 hora a 120 ºC e 1 atm. Este substrato foi acondicionado em sacos plásticos escuros e infestado com 8.000 ovos de M. javanica Kg-1 de solo. Grãos de arroz colonizados pelos isolados de P. chlamydosporia foram adicionados separadamente nos sacos contendo o substrato, o que constituiu os tratamentos. O tratamento testemunha consistiu apenas de substrato infestado com nematoide. A umidade dos tratamentos foi ajustada até a capacidade de campo, e os substratos foram homogeneizados e armazenados em câmara de crescimento a 24 ºC, no escuro, por 15 dias. Após, o substrato foi novamente homogeneizado e depositado em vasos de 700 mL de capacidade, sendo distribuídos 500 g em cada vaso. Uma muda de tomate de 21 dias de idade foi transplantada em cada vaso. Após 45 dias procederam-se as avaliações quanto à massa de raízes frescas, massa e altura de parte aérea fresca, número de galhas e ovos sistema radicular-1. Os isolados PC-2, PC-4, PC-5, PC-6 e PC-13 reduziram o número de galhas em 65%, 61%, 57%, 64% e 48%, em relação ao tratamento testemunha. Já, os isolados PC-2, PC-4 e PC-5 reduziram o número de ovos em 77%, 75% e 80%, em relação a testemunha. Todos os isolados foram capazes de se estabelecer no solo. Conclui-se que PC-2 tem potencial para ser estudado em um programa de controle biológico, pois possui boas características para a produção massal e controle do nematoide. 2020-11-16T20:38:23Z 2020-11-16T20:38:23Z 2016-11-16 bachelorThesis DEIFELD, Felipe Luiz Chiamulera. Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica. 2016. 47 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Pato Branco, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/14130 por openAccess application/pdf Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Pato Branco Brasil Departamento Acadêmico de Ciências Agrárias Agronomia UTFPR
institution	Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
collection	RIUT
language	Português
topic	Pragas - Controle biológico Fungos nematófagos Pragas agrícolas Pests - Biological control Fungi, Nematode-destroying Agricultural pests CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA
spellingShingle	Pragas - Controle biológico Fungos nematófagos Pragas agrícolas Pests - Biological control Fungi, Nematode-destroying Agricultural pests CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA Deifeld, Felipe Luiz Chiamulera Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica
description	The aim of this paper was to isolate, characterize and select isolates of Pochonia chlamydosporia, aiming the control of Meloidogyne javanica. In order to obtain isolates, soil samples, naturally infested by Meloidogyne spp. were plated in a semiselective culture medium, according to the serial dilutions technique. The plates were incubated at 24 ºC, for 21 days in darkness. Then, the fungal colonies were repicated to Petri dishes containing culture medium potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) and incubated at 24 ºC, for 15 days, in darkness. As a result, were obtained 12 isolates, identified as P. chlamydosporia. They were stored in sílica-gel for later studies. The species of isolates were determined through visualization of the reproductive structures of the fungus and the isolates were repicated to PDA medium for the determination of their color and diameter. All the isolates were specie chlamydosporia, with colony diameter ranging between 6.97 e 7.78 cm and yellow coloration or beige. To quantify the chlamydospores production, 3 fungal mycelium discs of 8 mm diameter were deposited in plastic bag, which contained 150 g of rice and 70 mL of water, previously autoclaved for 30 minutes at 120 ºC and 1 atm. The plastic bags were sealed and incubated at 24 ºC, for 21 days in darkness. The isolates that produced the higher amount of chlamydospores were PC-8 e PC-2. Another experiment was done under greenhouse conditions, to evaluate the efficiency of the isolates in controlling of Meloidogyne javanica. For this, a mixture of soil:sand, in the ratio 2:1 (v:v), was sterilized in autoclave for 1 hour at 120 ºC and 1 atm. That substrate was transferred to plastic bags and infested with 8,000 eggs of M. javanica Kg-1 of soil. Rice grains colonized by P. chlamydosporia isolates, were separately added in to bags containing the substrate, which were the treatments. The control treatment was just the substrate infested with nematodes. The humidity of the treamentes was adjusted by the field capacity, and the substrates were homogenized and incubated in growing chambers at 24 ºC for 15 days in darkness. Then, the substrate was homogenized one more time and 500 g of it was deposited in vases, which capacity was 700 mL. A tomato seedling, at age of 21 days, was transplanted in each vase. After 41 days, the evaluation of fresh root mass, height and mass of fresh aerial part, number of galls and eggs in the root system was done. The isolates PC-2, PC-4, PC-5, PC-6 and PC-13 reduced the number of galls in 65%, 61%, 57%, 64% e 48%, when compared to the control treatment. Already the isolates PC-2, PC-4 e PC-5 reduced the number of eggs in 77%, 75% e 80%, in relation to control. All isolates multiplied in the soil. As conclusion, PC-2 has potential to be studied in a biological control program, once it has good characteristics for mass production and nematode control.
format	Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação)
author	Deifeld, Felipe Luiz Chiamulera
author_sort	Deifeld, Felipe Luiz Chiamulera
title	Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica
title_short	Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica
title_full	Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica
title_fullStr	Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica
title_full_unstemmed	Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica
title_sort	seleção de isolados de pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de meloidogyne javanica
publisher	Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
publishDate	2020
citation	DEIFELD, Felipe Luiz Chiamulera. Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica. 2016. 47 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Pato Branco, 2016.
url	http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/14130
_version_	1805306969636995072
score	10,814766

Seleção de isolados de Pochonia chlamydosporia para o controle de Meloidogyne javanica

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