Production and characterization of biodiesel catalysed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate
Biodiesel is a fuel generated from renewable resources with the ability to replace diesel in combustion engines. In the current scenario, its production is carried out through the esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) or the transesterification of triglycerides, always associated to catalysts, be...
| Autor principal: | Baú, Ana Caroline |
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| Formato: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) |
| Idioma: | Português |
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Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2020
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riut-1-164872020-11-19T20:21:08Z Production and characterization of biodiesel catalysed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate Baú, Ana Caroline Lenzi, Giane Gonçalves Silva, Ana Maria Alves Queiroz da Pinho, Simão Pedro de Almeida Silva, José António Correia Silva, Ana Maria Alves Queiroz da Lenzi, Giane Gonçalves Biodiesel Óleos vegetais Reaproveitamento (Sobras, refugos, etc.) Catalisadores Sustentabilidade Biodiesel fuels Vegetable oils Recycling (Waste, etc.) Catalysts Sustainability CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA Biodiesel is a fuel generated from renewable resources with the ability to replace diesel in combustion engines. In the current scenario, its production is carried out through the esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) or the transesterification of triglycerides, always associated to catalysts, being acidic and basic respectively. The present study evaluates the influence of the application of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate ionic liquid (IL), [BMIM]HSO4, in the catalysis of the transesterification reaction of a simulated oil by the incorporation of oleic acid (OA) into the waste cooking oil in proportions of 20 and 40%wt. The operation parameters of oil/methanol molar ratio (1:20 and 1:40 mol/mol) and reaction time (4 and 8h) were studied by applying a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using an experimental planning of Total Factorial 23, with the conversion of the simulated oil and the FAME content in the produced biodiesel being selected as the responses for this analysis. It is concluded that the factors of greater influence in the production of biodiesel were the incorporation of OA and the reaction time for both responses. Using a fixed catalyst load of 10%wt and a reaction temperature of 65 °C, optimum conditions for conversion were determined to be 20%wt OA incorporation, 1:20 oil/MeOH molar ratio and reaction time of 8h, leading to a conversion of 87.8%. For the FAME content the optimum condition was estimated at 40%wt OA incorporation, oil/MeOH molar ratio of 1:20 and reaction time of 8h, with a FAME content response of 37.6%wt. The optimum condition for both responses was determined through the RSM, and it is characterized by 37.3%wt OA incorporation, oil/MeOH molar ratio of 1:20 and reaction time of 8h, leading to a conversion of 82.2% and a FAME content of 35.6%wt. The kinetic studies showed that the esterification reaction of oleic acid can be modeled as a third order reaction with activation energy of 52.2 kJ/mol, and was significantly influenced by the temperature and molar ratio of oil/alcohol. It was possible to determine that with an oil/MeOH molar ratio of 1:25 the reaction reaches its optimum and that increasing the temperature the reaction conversion increases. The methodology of recovery of the ionic liquid proposed is adequate because it has the capacity to recover the IL with high purity. After five reaction/recovery cycles, the conversion efficiency falls from 93.4% to 86.9% and the FAME content decreases from 18.4%wt to 11.5%wt. In conclusion, the ionic liquid [BMIM]HSO4 was not able to promote the transesterification reaction of the simulated oil but presented promising results for the esterification reaction and for a treatment of oils with high acidity. O biodiesel é um combustível gerado a partir de recursos renováveis com a capacidade de substituir o diesel em motores de combustão. No cenário atual a sua produção é realizada através da esterificação de ácidos gordos livres (AGL) ou a transesterificação de triglicerídeos, sempre associados a catalisadores, sendo ácidos e básicos, respetivamente. Neste estudo avalia a influência da aplicação do líquido iónico (LI) 1-butil-3-metilimidazólio hidrogenossulfato, [BMIM]HSO4, na catálise da reação de transesterificação de um óleo simulado pela incorporação de ácido oleico (AO) ao óleo alimentar usado em proporções de 20 e 40 % em massa. Os parâmetros de produção, razão molar de óleo/metanol (1:20 e 1:40 mol/mol) e tempo de reação (4 e 8h), foram estudados aplicando uma Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta (MSR) a partir de um planeamento experimental de Fatorial Total 23, tendo a conversão do óleo simulado e o conteúdo de FAME no biodiesel produzido sido considerados como respostas para esta análise. Conclui-se que os fatores de maior influência na produção de biodiesel foram a incorporação de AO e o tempo de reação para ambas as respostas. Utilizando-se como parâmetros fixos a carga de catalisador em 10 %wt e temperatura de reação de 65 ºC, as condições ótimas para a conversão foram determinadas como sendo 20%wt de incorporação de AO, razão molar óleo/MeOH de 1:20 e tempo de reação de 8h, levando a uma conversão de 87.8%. Já para o conteúdo de FAME a condição ótima foi estimada em 40%wt de incorporação de AO, razão molar óleo/MeOH de 1:20 e tempo de reação de 8h, tendo como resposta para conteúdo de FAME 37.6%wt. A condição ótima para ambas as respostas foi determinada através da MSR, e é caracterizada pelos parâmetros de 37.3%wt de incorporação de AO, razão molar óleo/MeOH de 1:20 e tempo de reação de 8h, levando a uma conversão de 82.2% e um conteúdo de FAME de 35.6%wt. Os estudos cinéticos realizados foram conclusivos e permitiram concluir que a reação de esterificação do ácido oleico pode ser modelada como uma reação de terceira ordem, com energia de ativação de 52.2 kJ/mol, muito influenciada pela temperatura e razão molar de óleo/álcool. Foi possível determinar que a uma razão molar óleo/MeOH de 1:25 a reação atinge seu ótimo e que com o aumento da temperatura a reação sofre incremento na sua conversão. A metodologia de recuperação do líquido iónicoproposta mostra-se adequada pois possui a capacidade de recuperar o LI com elevada pureza, sendo que, após cinco ciclos de reação/recuperação, a conversão cai de 93.4% para 86.9% e o conteúdo de FAME diminui de 18.4%wt para 11.5%wt. Em conclusão, o líquido iónico [BMIM]HSO4 não foi capaz de promover a reação de transesterificação do óleo simulado mas apresentou resultados promissores para a reação de esterificação e como tratamento de óleos de elevada acidez. 2020-11-19T20:21:08Z 2020-11-19T20:21:08Z 2019-03-06 bachelorThesis BAÚ, Ana Caroline. Production and characterization of biodiesel catalysed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate. 2019. 94 p. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Engenharia Química) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Ponta Grossa, 2019. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/16487 por openAccess application/pdf Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Ponta Grossa Brasil Departamento Acadêmico de Engenharia Química Engenharia Química UTFPR |
| institution |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná |
| collection |
RIUT |
| language |
Português |
| topic |
Biodiesel Óleos vegetais Reaproveitamento (Sobras, refugos, etc.) Catalisadores Sustentabilidade Biodiesel fuels Vegetable oils Recycling (Waste, etc.) Catalysts Sustainability CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
| spellingShingle |
Biodiesel Óleos vegetais Reaproveitamento (Sobras, refugos, etc.) Catalisadores Sustentabilidade Biodiesel fuels Vegetable oils Recycling (Waste, etc.) Catalysts Sustainability CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA Baú, Ana Caroline Production and characterization of biodiesel catalysed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate |
| description |
Biodiesel is a fuel generated from renewable resources with the ability to replace diesel in combustion engines. In the current scenario, its production is carried out through the esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) or the transesterification of triglycerides, always associated to catalysts, being acidic and basic respectively. The present study evaluates the influence of the application of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate ionic liquid (IL), [BMIM]HSO4, in the catalysis of the transesterification reaction of a simulated oil by the incorporation of oleic acid (OA) into the waste cooking oil in proportions of 20 and 40%wt. The operation parameters of oil/methanol molar ratio (1:20 and 1:40 mol/mol) and reaction time (4 and 8h) were studied by applying a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using an experimental planning of Total Factorial 23, with the conversion of the simulated oil and the FAME content in the produced biodiesel being selected as the responses for this analysis. It is concluded that the factors of greater influence in the production of biodiesel were the incorporation of OA and the reaction time for both responses. Using a fixed catalyst load of 10%wt and a reaction temperature of 65 °C, optimum conditions for conversion were determined to be 20%wt OA incorporation, 1:20 oil/MeOH molar ratio and reaction time of 8h, leading to a conversion of 87.8%. For the FAME content the optimum condition was estimated at 40%wt OA incorporation, oil/MeOH molar ratio of 1:20 and reaction time of 8h, with a FAME content response of 37.6%wt. The optimum condition for both responses was determined through the RSM, and it is characterized by 37.3%wt OA incorporation, oil/MeOH molar ratio of 1:20 and reaction time of 8h, leading to a conversion of 82.2% and a FAME content of 35.6%wt. The kinetic studies showed that the esterification reaction of oleic acid can be modeled as a third order reaction with activation energy of 52.2 kJ/mol, and was significantly influenced by the temperature and molar ratio of oil/alcohol. It was possible to determine that with an oil/MeOH molar ratio of 1:25 the reaction reaches its optimum and that increasing the temperature the reaction conversion increases. The methodology of recovery of the ionic liquid proposed is adequate because it has the capacity to recover the IL with high purity. After five reaction/recovery cycles, the conversion efficiency falls from 93.4% to 86.9% and the FAME content decreases from 18.4%wt to 11.5%wt. In conclusion, the ionic liquid [BMIM]HSO4 was not able to promote the transesterification reaction of the simulated oil but presented promising results for the esterification reaction and for a treatment of oils with high acidity. |
| format |
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) |
| author |
Baú, Ana Caroline |
| author_sort |
Baú, Ana Caroline |
| title |
Production and characterization of biodiesel catalysed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate |
| title_short |
Production and characterization of biodiesel catalysed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate |
| title_full |
Production and characterization of biodiesel catalysed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate |
| title_fullStr |
Production and characterization of biodiesel catalysed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Production and characterization of biodiesel catalysed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate |
| title_sort |
production and characterization of biodiesel catalysed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate |
| publisher |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| citation |
BAÚ, Ana Caroline. Production and characterization of biodiesel catalysed by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate. 2019. 94 p. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Engenharia Química) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Ponta Grossa, 2019. |
| url |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/16487 |
| _version_ |
1805320112786374656 |
| score |
10,814766 |