Avaliação da fitotoxicidade, ecotoxicidade e genotoxicidade de clorpirifós após tratamento por radiação UVC e processo UV/H2O2
The organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CP) is considered toxic mostly due to inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the genotoxic potential in living organisms, even at low concentrations. Due to the inefficiency of conventional biological treatments in the degradation of CP a...
| Autor principal: | Utzig, Larisa Mariane |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2016
|
| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1885 |
| Tags: |
Adicionar Tag
Sem tags, seja o primeiro a adicionar uma tag!
|
| Resumo: |
The organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CP) is considered toxic mostly due to inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the genotoxic potential in living organisms, even at low concentrations. Due to the inefficiency of conventional biological treatments in the degradation of CP and its metabolites, advanced oxidation processes have been studied to enable their effective degradation. This study evaluated the degradation of CP (200 μg L-1) in aqueous solution (0,2% de ACN) by direct photolysis (UVC) and homogeneous process UV/H2O2 and the ecotoxicity before and after the treatments are applied. From the conditions of pH and concentration of hydrogen peroxide used in this study (pH 5.2 and 12 mg L-1 H2O2) it was found that in both treatments, over 97% of the compound was deteriorated after 20 minutes of treatment with UV/H2O2 and 60 minutes after UVC radiation. The kinetic study demonstrates that the degradation of CP following a pseudo-first reaction. The rate constants k was calculated in 0.119 min-1 for the UV/H2O2 process and 0,053 min-1 for the UVC radiation. However, bioassays tests showed that after the UV/H2O2 treatment, the solutions was considered more toxic than the solutions treated by UVC radiation. In tests with Daphnia magna, the toxicity has remained relative to the initial toxicity of CP solution for both treatments, while in Aedes aegypti assays the toxicity reduced 95% after treatment with UVC and 1.7% after treatment process by UV/H2O2. Lactuca sativa indicates phytotoxicity for both treatments. Tests carried out with the components of the solutions without CP, showed that acute ecotoxicity of the samples treated by UV/H2O2 process could be explain by the generation of acetonitrile byproducts during treatment, possibly cyanide ions. For the tests performed with zebrafish it was observed mortality of all the organisms exposed to the sample treated by the UV/H2O2process and the blank sample. CP solutions without treatment and after UVC radiation degradation were used in genotoxicity assays, but were not observed genotoxic effects of these samples in the exposed organisms. Due to the results obtained, it was concluded that although both treatments have reached efficiency greater than 97% degradation, acute ecotoxicity of the treated effluent remained after degradation by UV/H2O2 process due to formation of by-products of acetonitrile, even it has been applied in low concentrations (0.2% v/v). |
|---|