Sistema alagado construído como pós-tratamento do flotador de indústria de laticínios
The dairy industry uses a large amount of water for its production. As a consequence, it generates proportionally high amounts of effluent in its activities. Wastewater from processes involved in dairy products has high organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Constructed Alacha...
| Autor principal: | Oliveira, Danielle Martins Cassiano de |
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2017
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2260 |
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| Resumo: |
The dairy industry uses a large amount of water for its production. As a consequence, it generates proportionally high amounts of effluent in its activities. Wastewater from processes involved in dairy products has high organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Constructed Alachate Systems (SACs) are a low-cost option for maintenance and operation, as well as being effective in effluent treatment systems. In this way, a flood system was installed, built with a vertical flow, with a saturated bottom on a pilot scale in a dairy industry in the city of Londrina. SAC dimensions were 0.6 x 1.7 x 2.6 m, filled with substrate gravel 0 (profile of 0.20 m), 1 (profile of 0.25 m) and 2 (profile of 0, 15 m) in descending order. The hydraulic detention time used for 3-day sizing with an average irrigation rate of 60 L.d-1.m-2. The Cyperus papyrus plant was used for the treatment of the dairy effluent from the float by dissolved air (FAD) of the industry, in order to remove the high organic load present in the effluent. The variables established for this work were apparent color, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, solids series, total nitrogen (NTK) and total phosphorus. Control charts were used to verify if the process was under statistical control. In the FAD, the variables that were under control were the phosphorus, total solids, dissolved solids and suspended solids; In SAC were the electrical conductivity, turbidity, COD, and suspended solids. The process capacity index (Cp) was applied to the pH, COD, total phosphorus, NTK and suspended solids parameters to verify if the treatment is able to meet the release standards specified by the environmental legislation. The variables capable of complying with the legislation were pH and suspended solids. SAC hydrograph tests were carried out along the treatment process to evaluate the flow and the filling during the experiment, without verification of the sealing process in the SAC. The growth of the plants in the filter medium as treated effluent from FAD was also evaluated. It can be verified that macrophytes have adapted to the system with adequate growth. The results of SAC efficiency allow to conclude that the system is able to remove organic matter after FAD, but does not present process control in the other analyzed variables. |
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