Épocas e formas de estabelecimento de plantas de cobertura para a entressafra milho safrinha/soja
Corn is grown in Brazil in two growing season and harvested at summer and winter crop. In the Southwest region of Paraná state, corn grown as a second summer crop, after soybean is relatively new. It happens that after corn, the growing period to the next crop is short and usually, the soil remains...
| Autor principal: | Giaretta, Roniel |
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| Formato: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Especialização) |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2021
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/24241 |
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| Resumo: |
Corn is grown in Brazil in two growing season and harvested at summer and winter crop. In the Southwest region of Paraná state, corn grown as a second summer crop, after soybean is relatively new. It happens that after corn, the growing period to the next crop is short and usually, the soil remains on fallow. In the context, the study aimed to evaluate different forms to establish cover crops on corn system, assessing its yield and biomass accumulation potential in the inter-harvest period. The experiment was carried out at Dois Vizinhos - PR, during the 2017 growing season. At first, corn was sowed associated or not with different intercrop establish forms with and without nitrogen, in two distinct periods (after bean and soybean) being evaluated the potential of dry mass accumulation of the Brachiaria and yield components of final corn yield. After corn harvest, a second study was implemented, to evaluate the potential of dry biomass accumulation of different species during the inter-harvest period. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and when they presented significance, a Skott-Knott test was applied at a 5% probability. In relation to the study that evaluated the intercropping of corn with Brachiaria, was observed that nitrogen did not affect corn yield. It was also noticed that the delay in the sowing of the corn crop results in a lower thousand weight grain and that crop yield is reduced when intercropped with Brachiaria. Also, it was concluded that the biomass accumulation is higher in the treatments in consortium in relation to the monoculture of corn, when this is done in pre-sowing the corn crop. For the second study in which the biomass accumulation of different species and the remaining brachiaria was verified, it is noticed that, regardless of the species or the sowing season, the use of cover crops provides a greater accumulation of dry mass in relation to areas in fallow. Also, the use of Brachiaria in monoculture results in a greater accumulation of dry mass among the cover species, in both seasons, but with less accumulation of dry mass when adding the corn mass in the other treatments. Among the studied treatments, the use of corn and white oats resulted in greater accumulation of total dry mass (19,260 kg ha-1). Regardless of the type of cover to be used, either intercropped with corn or established after its cultivation, the plants provide satisfactory dry mass accumulation, being Brachiaria wiht a total of 5,810 kg ha-1 of dry mass after bean cultivation and 4,275 kg ha-1 after soybean cultivation, protecting the soil and generating benefits for the system. |
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