Potencial alelopático da cultura do girassol (Helianthus annuus L.)
The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a vegetal species of great commercial interest and it's known for presenting elevated allelochemical production, being itself a source of sesquiterpens and other compounds of recognized biological activity.This project proposes to evaluate the allelopathic e...
| Autor principal: | Silva, Henrique Luis da |
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | Português |
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Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2012
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riut-1-2512015-03-07T06:04:19Z Potencial alelopático da cultura do girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) Silva, Henrique Luis da Trezzi, Michelangelo Muzell Alelopatia Girassol - Cultivo Solos - Teor de nitrogênio Allelopathy Sunflower - Planting Soils - Nitrogen content The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a vegetal species of great commercial interest and it's known for presenting elevated allelochemical production, being itself a source of sesquiterpens and other compounds of recognized biological activity.This project proposes to evaluate the allelopathic effect of the sunflower culture. The first experiment evaluated, through the relay seeding technique, the allelopathic effect of the sunflower culture upon different species of both weed and cultivated plants.The second experiment sought to evaluate the differential capacity of 23 sunflower genotypes in the development of Bidens spp. plants, using the relay seeding technique. The third experiment carried out at a greenhouse evaluated the allelopathical potential of the mulching in different levels: 0, 1.649, 3.298, 6.596 e 13.192 Kg.ha-1 of fodder upon the soil. The fourth experiment (3x5x2) made use of three sunflower genotypes, distributed in five time intervals of mulching upon the soil (60, 30, 15, 10 and 5 days before the seeding of the receptive species, Bidens spp., being two of the mulching levels upon the soil: 3.298 e 13.192 Kg.ha-1. It has also counted with an untreated, soil that didn't receive any mulching. The first experiment, conducted in the laboratory, points out to the relay seeding technique, which uses sunflower plants as a donating species, as an adequate technique to detect stimulating or inhibitory effects. In the second experiment, it was seen a great variability as to the germination, root and shoot growth of the species Bidens spp., because of the allelopathical potential of 23 sunflower genotypes. Through a pondered average, it was identified the Aguará 4 genotype as being of the greatest allelopathical potential and the AG 972 genotype, as of smallest potential. In the third experiment, it was seen that the increasing of sunflower mulching on the soil surface, despite of the genotype used, until 13.192 Kg.ha-1provoked a significant reduction in the percentage of emergence, rate of emergence speed, length of the aerial part and root of the Bidens spp. plant. However, there have not been found any significant differences between sunflower genotypes for these standards. In the fourth experiment, using mulching residues, the data didn't allow us to determine the allelopathical differences between the three tested genotypes. Mostly, the combination of time intervals between 15 days and 13.192 Kg.ha-1 of mulching was responsible for the greatest inhibitory effects upon the Bidens spp. plants. The analysis of nitrogen levels in the soil indicate that probably the imobilization of nitrogen is not the cause of inhibitory effects of sunflower straw upon Bidens spp. O girassol é uma espécie conhecida por apresentar elevada produção de aleloquímicos, sendo fonte de sequisterpenóides e de outros compostos com atividade biológica conhecida. Quatro experimentos, em delineamento completamente casualizado e arranjados em fatorial, tiveram o objetivo principal de avaliar a capacidade alelopática da cultura do girassol. O primeiro experimento, em laboratório, utilizou a técnica de semeadura em substituição, para identificar espécies daninhas e cultivadas que pudessem ser utilizadas como alvo dos efeitos alelopáticos do girassol. O segundo experimento, também em laboratório, utilizando a mesma técnica, avaliou a capacidade diferencial de 23 genótipos de girassol em interferir no desenvolvimento de plântulas de Bidens spp. O terceiro experimento, em casa-de-vegetação, avaliou o potencial de supressão da germinação e crescimento de Bidens spp. através do uso de cinco níveis de palha de três genótipos de girassol sobre o solo. O quarto experimento, também em casa-de-vegetação, avaliou o efeito de cinco intervalos de permanência (60, 30, 15, 10 e 5 dias antes da semeadura) de dois níveis de palha (3.298 e 13.192 Kg.ha-1) produzidos por três genótipos de girassol, sobre a germinação e crescimento de Bidens spp. Contou também com a testemunha sem palha sobre o solo. O primeiro experimento demonstrou que a técnica de semeadura em substituição é adequada para detectar efeitos estimulatórios ou inibitórios de girassol e identificou espécies alvo com potencial para testar efeitos alelopáticos. No segundo experimento, constatou-se grande variabilidade entre os 23 genótipos de girassol quanto à interferência sobre a germinação e o crescimento de Bidens spp. Através de média ponderada, classificou-se os genótipos Aguará 4 e AG 972 como sendo, respectivamente, o mais e menos inibitório para Bidens spp. O terceiro experimento constatou que o incremento dos níveis de palha de girassol na superfície do solo, independentemente do genótipo utilizado, até o nível de 13.192 Kg.ha-1, provoca redução significativa no percentual de emergência e índice de velocidade de emergência Bidens spp.. O quarto experimento não identificou, para a maioria das variáveis, diferenças entre os três genótipos testados. Em geral, a combinação de período de deposição de 15 dias e 13.192 Kg.ha-1 de palha foi responsável pelos maiores efeitos inibitórios sobre as plantas de Bidens spp. A análise dos níveis de nitrato e amônio no solo indicam que provavelmente a imobilização do N do solo não é a causa dos efeitos inibitórios da palha de girassol sobre Bidens spp. 2012-05-28T19:39:15Z 2012-05-28T19:39:15Z 2009 masterThesis SILVA, Henrique Luis da. Potencial alelopático da cultura do girassol (Helianthus annuus L.). 2009. 105 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Pato Branco, 2009. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/251 por application/pdf Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Pato Branco Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia |
| institution |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná |
| collection |
RIUT |
| language |
Português |
| topic |
Alelopatia Girassol - Cultivo Solos - Teor de nitrogênio Allelopathy Sunflower - Planting Soils - Nitrogen content |
| spellingShingle |
Alelopatia Girassol - Cultivo Solos - Teor de nitrogênio Allelopathy Sunflower - Planting Soils - Nitrogen content Silva, Henrique Luis da Potencial alelopático da cultura do girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) |
| description |
The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a vegetal species of great commercial interest and it's known for presenting elevated allelochemical production, being itself a source of sesquiterpens and other compounds of recognized biological activity.This project proposes to evaluate the allelopathic effect of the sunflower culture. The first experiment evaluated, through the relay seeding technique, the allelopathic effect of the sunflower culture upon different species of both weed and cultivated plants.The second experiment sought to evaluate the differential capacity of 23 sunflower genotypes in the development of Bidens spp. plants, using the relay seeding technique. The third experiment carried out at a greenhouse evaluated the allelopathical potential of the mulching in different levels: 0, 1.649, 3.298, 6.596 e 13.192 Kg.ha-1 of fodder upon the soil. The fourth experiment (3x5x2) made use of three sunflower genotypes, distributed in five time intervals of mulching upon the soil (60, 30, 15, 10 and 5 days before the seeding of the receptive species, Bidens spp., being two of the mulching levels upon the soil: 3.298 e 13.192 Kg.ha-1. It has also counted with an untreated, soil that didn't receive any mulching. The first experiment, conducted in the laboratory, points out to the relay seeding technique, which uses sunflower plants as a donating species, as an adequate technique to detect stimulating or inhibitory effects. In the second experiment, it was seen a great variability as to the germination, root and shoot growth of the species Bidens spp., because of the allelopathical potential of 23 sunflower genotypes. Through a pondered average, it was identified the Aguará 4 genotype as being of the greatest allelopathical potential and the AG 972 genotype, as of smallest potential. In the third experiment, it was seen that the increasing of sunflower mulching on the soil surface, despite of the genotype used, until 13.192 Kg.ha-1provoked a significant reduction in the percentage of emergence, rate of emergence speed, length of the aerial part and root of the Bidens spp. plant. However, there have not been found any significant differences between sunflower genotypes for these standards. In the fourth experiment, using mulching residues, the data didn't allow us to determine the allelopathical differences between the three tested genotypes. Mostly, the combination of time intervals between 15 days and 13.192 Kg.ha-1 of mulching was responsible for the greatest inhibitory effects upon the Bidens spp. plants. The analysis of nitrogen levels in the soil indicate that probably the imobilization of nitrogen is not the cause of inhibitory effects of sunflower straw upon Bidens spp. |
| format |
Dissertação |
| author |
Silva, Henrique Luis da |
| author_sort |
Silva, Henrique Luis da |
| title |
Potencial alelopático da cultura do girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) |
| title_short |
Potencial alelopático da cultura do girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) |
| title_full |
Potencial alelopático da cultura do girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) |
| title_fullStr |
Potencial alelopático da cultura do girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Potencial alelopático da cultura do girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) |
| title_sort |
potencial alelopático da cultura do girassol (helianthus annuus l.) |
| publisher |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| citation |
SILVA, Henrique Luis da. Potencial alelopático da cultura do girassol (Helianthus annuus L.). 2009. 105 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Pato Branco, 2009. |
| url |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/251 |
| _version_ |
1805312896078446592 |
| score |
10,814766 |