Caracterização e análise da cadeia da vitivinicultura no Sudoeste do Paraná
Viticulture in the South West Region of Paraná began with the colonization of the region, in the 1940s and 1950s, but only from the 1990s it become an alternative source of income and productive investments focus. For this sector can take shape and develop it is necessary to reduce their production...
| Autor principal: | Zarth, Nelson Alexandre |
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2012
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/259 |
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| Resumo: |
Viticulture in the South West Region of Paraná began with the colonization of the region, in the 1940s and 1950s, but only from the 1990s it become an alternative source of income and productive investments focus. For this sector can take shape and develop it is necessary to reduce their production and market risk. Therefore, it is essential that the potential and problems of this sector can be know and defined. Thus, this study seeks to characterize the viticulture of the South West Region of Paraná, diagnosing the main constraints and potentialities of the production chain. The study comprehends the Southwest Region municipalities of Paraná wich has the viticulture as an expressive activity or that they are planning to promote it. The study was conducted from 2007 to 2011 and was structured in two phases: a survey with qualified informants and field diagnosis. In the first phase a data collection was carried out on the viticulture of the region. In the second phase, were used the Registers provided from de Grape Farmers in meetings with qualified informants. It was decided that the whole population goal would be of 372 grape growers, with the minimum sample of 18%. Seventy three grape growers were interviewed at random. The data was plotted in Excel Spreadsheet Program, transformed into graphs tables and analyzed. The industry in the Southwest Region is exercised by small farmers, with a strong strand in the family tradition and it predominantly is practiced by people aged over 50 years old and with schooling up to fourth grade of elementary school. The vines surveyed have a maximum area of one hectare, on average contributing with 28% of the annual gross income. The region has favorable characteristics for growing grapes, mainly "rustic grape" (Vitis labrusca), which demonstrated good adaptation to the region. The main cultivars used are: „Bordô‟ (44%), „Niagara branca‟ and „Niágara Rosada‟ (35.08%), „Concord‟ (8.92%) and „Isabel‟ (3.18%). The soils of the vineyards have conformations of varied topography. The excessive rain in certain periods is seen as the main climate problem that reduces the production and the quality of grapes. The scion, grafting kind-of-top in winter, rootstocks rooted in place predominates to grafting. The treatments are done by hand with backpack equipment. The main diseases are anthracnose (Elsionoe ampelina), ripe rot of grape (Glomerela cingulata) and downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola). The main pests are the (Acromirmex sp.), „perola da terra‟ (Eurizococus brasiliensis) and trips (Selenothrips rubrocinctus and Frankliniella sp.). The weed control is done through manual and mechanical mowing, hand and chemical weeding. Pruning is short and hater held in August. The wines produced in the region are classified as colonial and hand made and a few are registered at the Ministry of Agriculture. There is a strong tendency of not continuity of the vitiviniculture by circumnenting of the youth and lack of skilled labor mainly for activities that require more technical knowledge. |
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