Teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em pontos de deposição de urina bovina em solos de textura argilosa e arenosa

Bovine urine contains a large amount of nutrients in its composition and, therefore, can be an important route for nutrient cycling in integrated agricultural production systems. In this context, the work was developed in two different experimental protocols. The first was carried out in an oxisol,...

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Autor principal: Lima, Rosangela Correa de
Formato: Tese
Idioma: Português
Publicado em: Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná 2022
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spelling riut-1-269912022-02-08T06:05:59Z Teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em pontos de deposição de urina bovina em solos de textura argilosa e arenosa Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents at bovine urine deposition points in clayey and sandy soils Lima, Rosangela Correa de Assmann, Tangriani Simioni https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4984-2519 http://lattes.cnpq.br/4837590095881560 Pontes, Laise da Silveira https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3906-3047 http://lattes.cnpq.br/1551379867003353 Assmann, Alceu Luiz https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6401-6365 http://lattes.cnpq.br/0694968325023254 Souza, Edicarlos Damacena de https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3719-8615 http://lattes.cnpq.br/6843055362772781 Adami, Paulo Fernando https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9605-2352 http://lattes.cnpq.br/9289119211222717 Lustosa, Sebastião Brasil Campos https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6899-190X http://lattes.cnpq.br/2540138230044031 Assmann, Tangriani Simioni https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4984-2519 http://lattes.cnpq.br/4837590095881560 Plantas - Efeito do nitrogênio Fertilizantes nitrogenados Pastagens - Manejo Solos - Lixiviação Plants - Effect of nitrogen on Nitrogen fertilizers Range management Soils - Leaching CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA Agronomia Bovine urine contains a large amount of nutrients in its composition and, therefore, can be an important route for nutrient cycling in integrated agricultural production systems. In this context, the work was developed in two different experimental protocols. The first was carried out in an oxisol, with the objective of evaluating the effect of nitrogen fertilization and grazing pressure in ryegrass pasture on the behavior of nutrients in bovine urine deposition sites in the city of Abelardo Luz - SC. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme, with three replications. The first factor was the time of application of nitrogen (N) in the system: N applied on pasture (N-Fert. Pasture) and these were the only plots to receive nitrogen topdressing at a dose of 200 kg of N ha-1 in Single dose. These were compared with plots called N-Fert Grains, which did not receive nitrogen fertilization in the grazing stage, and received it in the previous season. The second factor was pasture height, high height (AA) and low height (BA), 25 and 10 cm, respectively. To evaluate the behavior of nutrients in the soil (N, P and K) from bovine urine, collections were carried out on different days (0 (zero), that is, immediately after urination, on the third (3rd), sixth (6th) and twelfth (12th) day after urination), at equidistant distances from the central point of urination 0 cm (midpoint of the wet area), 25, 50 and 75 cm from the central point of urination, and at different depths to the along the soil profile, 0-5; 5-10; 10-20 and 20-40 cm. The second experiment aimed to evaluate the behavior of nutrients at bovine urination points in a mixed pasture of Lolium multiflorum + Avena strigosa as a function of nitrogen application and the presence of trees in integrated agricultural production systems, in a soil with a sandy texture, in Ponta Grossa – PR. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme, with three replications. Two nitrogen fertilization treatments (90 and 180 kg N ha-1, in the form of urea, with a single application during the pasture phase) were alternated with two integrated systems: only Crop-Livestock (ILP) and Crop-Livestock-Forest ( ILPF). The evaluations were carried out in the same way as the first experiment. Nitrogen fertilization performed on the pasture causes an increase in the concentration of nitrogen (13.8 g L-1) and potassium (26.2 g L-1) excreted via urine. Pasture areas managed with higher grazing pressure (low height 10cm), have lower N and P contents, and higher potassium content in the soil at urine urination points. Higher levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were observed in the urine points in the wooded system, since in these systems the nutrient uptake by forage plants was reduced due to their shading, leading to a reduction in pasture dry matter production . Still, for phosphorus, the lowest dose of nitrogen caused a higher concentration of phosphorus in the soil, due to lower extraction by plants due to the lower availability of nitrogen. The highest levels of nitrogen and potassium in the soil are observed at the point where urine urination occurred (central point), and the area of, action/diffusion of urinary N does not exceed 25 cm from the central point of urination, and the action of potassium remains at the central point, with no lateral diffusion up to 25 cm. Due to the low contribution of phosphorus in animal urine, there is no change in the levels in the soil, not even in the central point. Ammonium is converted to nitrate up to the sixth day after urination, potassium and phosphorus present high values soon after urination and seems to be influenced by environmental factors (precipitation), in their availability over time. The highest concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, phosphorus and potassium were observed in the superficial layers of the soil (0-10 cm). And although, in this study, nitrate, ammonium and potassium leaching was not observed in the sampled urine points, in none of the studied soils, up to a depth of 40 cm, it is warned that the adoption of more intensified production systems (with the inclusion of animals in pasture and increased nitrogen fertilization) should be conducted under conditions that provide high extraction of nutrients from the soil by plants, aiming to reduce the risk of losses. A urina bovina contém uma grande quantidade de nutrientes em sua composição e, portanto, pode ser uma rota importante para a ciclagem de nutrientes em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária. Nesse contexto, o trabalho foi desenvolvido em dois protocolos experimentais distintos. O primeiro foi realizado em um latossolo, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da adubação nitrogenada e a pressão de pastejo em pastagem de azevém sobre o comportamento dos nutrientes em sítios de deposição de urina bovina no município de Abelardo Luz – SC. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial, com três repetições. O primeiro fator foi o tempo de aplicação de nitrogênio (N) no sistema: N aplicado no pasto (N-Fert. Pasto) e essas foram as únicas parcelas a receber nitrogênio em cobertura, na dose de 200 kg de N ha-1 em dose única. Das quais foram comparadas com as parcelas chamadas N-Fert Grãos, que não receberam fertilização nitrogenada na fase de pastejo, e receberam na safra anterior. O segundo fator foi a altura da pastagem, alta altura (AA) e baixa altura (BA), 25 e 10 cm, respectivamente. Para a avaliação do comportamento dos nutrientes no solo (N, P e K), provindos da urina bovina, foram realizadas as coletas em diferentes dias (0 (zero), ou seja, imediatamente após a micção, no terceiro (3º), sexto (6º) e décimo segundo (12º) dia após a micção), em distâncias equidistantes do ponto central da micção 0 cm (ponto central da área úmida), 25, 50 e 75 cm do ponto central da micção, e em diferentes profundidades ao longo do perfil do solo, 0-5; 5-10; 10-20 e 20-40 cm. O segundo experimento teve por objetivo avaliar o comportamento dos nutrientes em pontos de micção bovina, em uma pastagem mista de Lolium multiflorum + Avena strigosa em função da aplicação de nitrogênio e da presença de árvores em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária, em solo com textura arenosa, em Ponta Grossa – PR. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial, com três repetições. Dois tratamentos de adubação nitrogenada (90 e 180 kg N ha-1, na forma de ureia, com uma única aplicação durante a fase pastagem) foram alternados com dois sistemas integrados: somente Lavoura-Pecuária (ILP) e Lavoura-Pecuária-Floresta (ILPF). As avaliações foram realizadas da mesma forma que o primeiro experimento. A adubação nitrogenada realizada na pastagem provoca aumento na concentração de nitrogênio (13,8 g L-1) e potássio (26,2 g L-1) excretado via urina. Áreas de pastagens conduzidas com maior pressão de pastejo (baixa altura-10cm), apresentam menores teores de N e P, e maior teor de potássio no solo em pontos de micção de urina. Teores mais elevados de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio foram observados nos pontos de urina no sistema arborizado, uma vez que nestes sistemas a absorção de nutrientes pelas plantas forrageiras foi reduzida devido ao sombreamento das mesmas, levando a uma redução de produção de matéria seca da pastagem. Ainda, para o fósforo a menor dose de nitrogênio ocasionou maior concentração de fósforo no solo, devido a menor extração pelas plantas pela menor disponibilidade de nitrogênio. Os maiores teores de nitrogênio e potássio no solo são observados no ponto onde ocorreu a micção de urina (ponto central), sendo que a área de atuação/difusão do N-urinário não ultrapassa os 25 cm do ponto central de micção, e a atuação do potássio permanece no ponto central, não havendo difusão lateral até a 25 cm. Devida a baixa contribuição de fósforo na urina animal, não ocorre alterações nos teores no solo, nem mesmo no ponto central. O amônio é convertido a nitrato até o sexto dia após a micção, o potássio e o fósforo apresentam valores elevados logo após a micção e parece receber influencia de fatores ambientais (precipitação), na sua disponibilidade no decorrer do tempo. As maiores concentrações de amônio, nitrato, fósforo e potássio foram observadas nas camadas superficiais do solo (0-10 cm). E embora, neste estudo não tenha sido observada lixiviação de nitrato, amônio e potássio nos pontos de urina amostrados, em nenhum dos solos estudados, até uma profundidade de 40 cm, alerta-se que a adoção de sistemas de produção mais intensificados (com a inclusão de animais em pastejo e o aumento de adubações nitrogenadas) devem ser conduzidos em condições que propiciem elevadas extrações de nutrientes do solo pelas plantas, visando a redução do risco de perdas. 2022-02-07T16:35:29Z 2022-02-07T16:35:29Z 2021-09-22 doctoralThesis LIMA, Rosangela Correa de. Teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em pontos de deposição de urina bovina em solos de textura argilosa e arenosa. 2021. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Pato Branco, 2021. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/26991 por openAccess application/pdf Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Pato Branco Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia UTFPR
institution Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
collection RIUT
language Português
topic Plantas - Efeito do nitrogênio
Fertilizantes nitrogenados
Pastagens - Manejo
Solos - Lixiviação
Plants - Effect of nitrogen on
Nitrogen fertilizers
Range management
Soils - Leaching
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
Agronomia
spellingShingle Plantas - Efeito do nitrogênio
Fertilizantes nitrogenados
Pastagens - Manejo
Solos - Lixiviação
Plants - Effect of nitrogen on
Nitrogen fertilizers
Range management
Soils - Leaching
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
Agronomia
Lima, Rosangela Correa de
Teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em pontos de deposição de urina bovina em solos de textura argilosa e arenosa
description Bovine urine contains a large amount of nutrients in its composition and, therefore, can be an important route for nutrient cycling in integrated agricultural production systems. In this context, the work was developed in two different experimental protocols. The first was carried out in an oxisol, with the objective of evaluating the effect of nitrogen fertilization and grazing pressure in ryegrass pasture on the behavior of nutrients in bovine urine deposition sites in the city of Abelardo Luz - SC. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme, with three replications. The first factor was the time of application of nitrogen (N) in the system: N applied on pasture (N-Fert. Pasture) and these were the only plots to receive nitrogen topdressing at a dose of 200 kg of N ha-1 in Single dose. These were compared with plots called N-Fert Grains, which did not receive nitrogen fertilization in the grazing stage, and received it in the previous season. The second factor was pasture height, high height (AA) and low height (BA), 25 and 10 cm, respectively. To evaluate the behavior of nutrients in the soil (N, P and K) from bovine urine, collections were carried out on different days (0 (zero), that is, immediately after urination, on the third (3rd), sixth (6th) and twelfth (12th) day after urination), at equidistant distances from the central point of urination 0 cm (midpoint of the wet area), 25, 50 and 75 cm from the central point of urination, and at different depths to the along the soil profile, 0-5; 5-10; 10-20 and 20-40 cm. The second experiment aimed to evaluate the behavior of nutrients at bovine urination points in a mixed pasture of Lolium multiflorum + Avena strigosa as a function of nitrogen application and the presence of trees in integrated agricultural production systems, in a soil with a sandy texture, in Ponta Grossa – PR. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme, with three replications. Two nitrogen fertilization treatments (90 and 180 kg N ha-1, in the form of urea, with a single application during the pasture phase) were alternated with two integrated systems: only Crop-Livestock (ILP) and Crop-Livestock-Forest ( ILPF). The evaluations were carried out in the same way as the first experiment. Nitrogen fertilization performed on the pasture causes an increase in the concentration of nitrogen (13.8 g L-1) and potassium (26.2 g L-1) excreted via urine. Pasture areas managed with higher grazing pressure (low height 10cm), have lower N and P contents, and higher potassium content in the soil at urine urination points. Higher levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were observed in the urine points in the wooded system, since in these systems the nutrient uptake by forage plants was reduced due to their shading, leading to a reduction in pasture dry matter production . Still, for phosphorus, the lowest dose of nitrogen caused a higher concentration of phosphorus in the soil, due to lower extraction by plants due to the lower availability of nitrogen. The highest levels of nitrogen and potassium in the soil are observed at the point where urine urination occurred (central point), and the area of, action/diffusion of urinary N does not exceed 25 cm from the central point of urination, and the action of potassium remains at the central point, with no lateral diffusion up to 25 cm. Due to the low contribution of phosphorus in animal urine, there is no change in the levels in the soil, not even in the central point. Ammonium is converted to nitrate up to the sixth day after urination, potassium and phosphorus present high values soon after urination and seems to be influenced by environmental factors (precipitation), in their availability over time. The highest concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, phosphorus and potassium were observed in the superficial layers of the soil (0-10 cm). And although, in this study, nitrate, ammonium and potassium leaching was not observed in the sampled urine points, in none of the studied soils, up to a depth of 40 cm, it is warned that the adoption of more intensified production systems (with the inclusion of animals in pasture and increased nitrogen fertilization) should be conducted under conditions that provide high extraction of nutrients from the soil by plants, aiming to reduce the risk of losses.
format Tese
author Lima, Rosangela Correa de
author_sort Lima, Rosangela Correa de
title Teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em pontos de deposição de urina bovina em solos de textura argilosa e arenosa
title_short Teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em pontos de deposição de urina bovina em solos de textura argilosa e arenosa
title_full Teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em pontos de deposição de urina bovina em solos de textura argilosa e arenosa
title_fullStr Teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em pontos de deposição de urina bovina em solos de textura argilosa e arenosa
title_full_unstemmed Teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em pontos de deposição de urina bovina em solos de textura argilosa e arenosa
title_sort teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em pontos de deposição de urina bovina em solos de textura argilosa e arenosa
publisher Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
publishDate 2022
citation LIMA, Rosangela Correa de. Teores de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio em pontos de deposição de urina bovina em solos de textura argilosa e arenosa. 2021. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Pato Branco, 2021.
url http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/26991
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score 10,814766