Estação de tratamento de esgoto por meio de zona de raízes: uma proposta de tecnologia apropriada para saneamento básico no litoral do Paraná
The technology brings about benefits as well as it facilitates people’s lives, although this same technology has kept man apart from the environment, making him lose the notion of the interdependence of an integrated system compounded by the environment and society. The dissertation proposes a discu...
| Autor principal: | Kaick, Tamara Simone van |
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2022
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/27159 |
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| Resumo: |
The technology brings about benefits as well as it facilitates people’s lives, although this same technology has kept man apart from the environment, making him lose the notion of the interdependence of an integrated system compounded by the environment and society. The dissertation proposes a discussion of this paradox of technology, its evolution in mankind history, the social relationships built after technology and the use of information, knowledge and creativity in the innovation of technology. The appropriate technology and education, through an engaged in action, are shown here as fundamental tools for the sustainable development. This work presents as the central theme the development and implementation of an adequate technology for basic sanitation through a Sewerage Treatment Station (STS) for the houses found that are close to the sea. To make this project come true federal and state partnerships were established among various institutions, non-governmental organizations, universities and the local community, without which it would not have been possible the development and implementation of the pilot project in the chosen place. As there is no similar project on the coast of Paraná and aiming an engaged in process of discussion of the development and implementation of this technology, several events were promoted having the community and partners in the project to participate. These events had the objective of explaining the use of the system and to define the process and the place of implementation of the project. The implementation of this STS was made in a house in Ilha Rasa, which is an island, in the city of Guaraqueçaba, on the coast of Paraná state, which is in one of the most preserved remaining areas of the Floresta Atlântica in the country, which is recognized as an Environmental Protected Area of Guaraqueçaba. The house is in the lowest part of the island and it is close to the sea, which did not allow the treatment of the sewerage by septic tank followed by a swallow hole. The whole sewerage was thrown straight into the ocean in a place which is close to where oysters are grown. The high rate of contamination by parasites of the population of the island was another indicator of the necessity of developing a more adequate system of basic sanitation. Due to several difficulties such as the transportation of the building materials to the island as well as problems arisen with the movement of the tides in the area chosen for the implementation of the treatment system, it went through two periods of construction. The first one in 1999, built with steel-concrete plates and a repairing, which generated the second project in the year 2000, built with columns and a slab of concrete. The treatment system is compounded by a physical filter made of oyster shells which are materials found in the island. To make the root zone a native plant of the region, the capim serra (Cladium mariscus), was used. As the sewerage treatment basically occurs in the roots of these plants, the station came to be known as Sewerage Treatment Station by root zone. The evaluation of results of the treatment system by root zone was made through physical-chemical and biological parameters along 6 months, non-consecutive, in order to establish its treatment potential. The results show that the capacity of reduction of the organic material of the whole sewerage treated in the station attends not only the requirements of the environmental organ in Paraná, as well as the wishes of the community of Ilha Rasa for basic sanitation. |
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