Ambiente de cultivo, composição química, potencial fisiológico e armazenamento de sementes de soja
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill), the most economically important commodity in the world, presents variations in oil and protein content. These variations may occur due to genotype, environment and genotype x environment interaction (G x E). In tropical and subtropical areas, the variability of cl...
| Autor principal: | Capelin, Marcio Andrei |
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| Formato: | Tese |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2022
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/27657 |
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| Resumo: |
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill), the most economically important commodity in the world, presents variations in oil and protein content. These variations may occur due to genotype, environment and genotype x environment interaction (G x E). In tropical and subtropical areas, the variability of climatic conditions contributes to biochemical changes and changes in germination power, which can be influenced during storage. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine environments for the maximization of oil and protein production, and to identify soybean cultivars with high potential for grain, oil and protein yield, in high and low altitude environments, and the interaction of these factors with the physiological potential, condition and storage time of soybean seeds. Twenty-eight soybean cultivars were evaluated in high (846 - 963 m, Cfb climate) and low (336 - 480 m, Cfa climate) altitude environments for grain yield, thousand seeds weight, oil and protein content, and yield of oil and protein germination, vigor, emergence speed index, storage condition and time. The results showed that the cultivation environment directly affects the chemical composition of soybeans. Altitude has a positive effect on protein content and a negative effect on oil content. Cultivars with higher oil and protein production potential (kg ha-1) were identified in high and low altitude environments. It is possible to increase oil and/or protein productivity by choosing cultivars more adapted to high and low altitude environments. Seeds with higher protein concentration have higher physiological potential and oil content was negatively associated with physiological potential. The content of palmitic saturated fatty acid correlated positively with the physiological potential of the seeds. High altitude environments maximize the physiological quality of seeds regardless of the evaluated crop and storage condition. Over the storage time, the seeds stored in a shed showed a greater decrease in physiological quality compared to the cold room. The oil content did not show a pattern of behavior in different years, locations and storage conditions. Protein content is not influenced by storage. |
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