Perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja na região de Pato Branco - PR
The loss in the soybean harvest is one of the main factors that can reduce the net profit of Brazilian crops and that, many times, may by minimized with adjustments and preventive revisions of the machines or with operational training. Thus, the aim objective of the present study were to identify an...
| Autor principal: | Faccin, Marcos Antônio |
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| Formato: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) |
| Idioma: | Português |
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Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2022
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http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/29049 |
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riut-1-290492022-07-13T06:06:54Z Perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja na região de Pato Branco - PR Losses in the mechanized harvest of soybeans in the region of Pato Branco - PR Faccin, Marcos Antônio Modolo, Alcir José Modolo, Alcir José Campos, Jose Ricardo da Rocha Daniel, Diego Fernando Perdas durante a colheita Soja - Colheita Mecanização agrícola Soja - Cultivo Grãos - Cultivo Crop losses Soybean - Harvesting Farm mechanization Soybean - Planting Grain - Planting CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA The loss in the soybean harvest is one of the main factors that can reduce the net profit of Brazilian crops and that, many times, may by minimized with adjustments and preventive revisions of the machines or with operational training. Thus, the aim objective of the present study were to identify and evaluate the factors that caused losses in the mechanized harvest of soybeans, in Pato Branco region in the 2019/2020. For this purpose, 10 randomly chosen farms in the municipality of Pato Branco - PR were evaluated. Operator information was obtained through a questionnaire asking age, experience time and whether or not the operator had specialized training. The information on the harvesters (model, brand, year of manufacture and threshing system) it was done available by the owners of the areas. The characteristics of soybean plants in the areas were evaluated with three replications in each location, where the height of plants, the height of insertion of the first pod and grain moisture were evaluated.The natural harvest losses were identified by means of a 2 m2 frame randomly thrown at three points in each area, where the naturally lost grains were collected and weighed before the harvester entered. The evaluation of losses in the cutting mechanisms was carried out by stopping the harvester, retreating four meters, throwing the frame and collecting the lost grains. Finally, the losses in the trail system were done after the harvester had passed. The data obtained were submitted to exploratory analysis using descriptive statistics, with results presented in the form of graphs. It was concluded that in the region of Pato Branco - PR, there is a predominance of Jhon Deere® harvesters with axial track system. In addition, all evaluated harvesters presented harvest losses greater than 90 kg ha-1, which is due to two main factors: lack of operational training and poor adjustment of the harvesters. A perda na colheita de soja, é um dos principais fatores que podem reduzir o lucro líquido das lavouras brasileiras e que muitas das vezes, pode ser minimizada com regulagens e revisões preventivas das máquinas ou com a capacitação operacional. Assim, objetivou-se no presente trabalho identificar e avaliar os fatores que provocaram perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja, na região de Pato Branco – PR na safra agrícola 2019/2020. Para tal, avaliaram-se 10 propriedades agrícolas escolhidas aleatoriamente no município de Pato Branco – PR. As informações dos operadores, foram obtidas por meio de um questionário onde perguntou-se a idade, o tempo de experiência e se o operador possuía ou não treinamento especializado. As informações das colhedoras (modelo, marca, ano de fabricação e sistema de trilha) foram disponibilizadas pelos proprietários das áreas. As características das plantas de soja foram avaliadas com três repetições em cada local, onde avaliou-se a altura de plantas, a altura de inserção da primeira vagem e a umidade de grãos. As perdas de colheita naturais foram identificadas por meio de uma armação de 2 m2 lançada aleatoriamente em três pontos de cada área, onde coletou-se e pesou-se os grãos perdidos naturalmente antes da entrada da colhedora. A avaliação de perdas nos mecanismos de corte, foi feita parando a colhedora, recuando quatro metros, jogando a armação na frente da plataforma de corte e coletando os grãos perdidos. Por fim, as perdas no sistema de trilha foram feitas após a passagem da colhedora. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise exploratória por meio de estatística descritiva, com resultados apresentados em forma de gráficos. Concluiu-se que na região de Pato Branco – PR, há um predomínio de colhedoras da marca Jhon Deere® com sistema de trilha axial. Além disso, todas as colhedoras avaliadas apresentaram perdas de colheita superior a 90 kg ha-1, o que se deve a dois fatores principais: falta de treinamento operacional e a má regulagem das colhedoras. 2022-07-12T15:27:13Z 2022-07-12T15:27:13Z 2022-06-13 bachelorThesis FACCIN, Marcos Antônio. Perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja na região de Pato Branco - PR. 2022. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Agronomia) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Pato Branco, 2022. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/29049 por openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ application/pdf Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Pato Branco Brasil Departamento Acadêmico de Ciências Agrárias Agronomia UTFPR |
| institution |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná |
| collection |
RIUT |
| language |
Português |
| topic |
Perdas durante a colheita Soja - Colheita Mecanização agrícola Soja - Cultivo Grãos - Cultivo Crop losses Soybean - Harvesting Farm mechanization Soybean - Planting Grain - Planting CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
| spellingShingle |
Perdas durante a colheita Soja - Colheita Mecanização agrícola Soja - Cultivo Grãos - Cultivo Crop losses Soybean - Harvesting Farm mechanization Soybean - Planting Grain - Planting CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA Faccin, Marcos Antônio Perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja na região de Pato Branco - PR |
| description |
The loss in the soybean harvest is one of the main factors that can reduce the net profit of Brazilian crops and that, many times, may by minimized with adjustments and preventive revisions of the machines or with operational training. Thus, the aim objective of the present study were to identify and evaluate the factors that caused losses in the mechanized harvest of soybeans, in Pato Branco region in the 2019/2020. For this purpose, 10 randomly chosen farms in the municipality of Pato Branco - PR were evaluated. Operator information was obtained through a questionnaire asking age, experience time and whether or not the operator had specialized training. The information on the harvesters (model, brand, year of manufacture and threshing system) it was done available by the owners of the areas. The characteristics of soybean plants in the areas were evaluated with three replications in each location, where the height of plants, the height of insertion of the first pod and grain moisture were evaluated.The natural harvest losses were identified by means of a 2 m2 frame randomly thrown at three points in each area, where the naturally lost grains were collected and weighed before the harvester entered. The evaluation of losses in the cutting mechanisms was carried out by stopping the harvester, retreating four meters, throwing the frame and collecting the lost grains. Finally, the losses in the trail system were done after the harvester had passed. The data obtained were submitted to exploratory analysis using descriptive statistics, with results presented in the form of graphs. It was concluded that in the region of Pato Branco - PR, there is a predominance of Jhon Deere® harvesters with axial track system. In addition, all evaluated harvesters presented harvest losses greater than 90 kg ha-1, which is due to two main factors: lack of operational training and poor adjustment of the harvesters. |
| format |
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) |
| author |
Faccin, Marcos Antônio |
| author_sort |
Faccin, Marcos Antônio |
| title |
Perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja na região de Pato Branco - PR |
| title_short |
Perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja na região de Pato Branco - PR |
| title_full |
Perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja na região de Pato Branco - PR |
| title_fullStr |
Perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja na região de Pato Branco - PR |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja na região de Pato Branco - PR |
| title_sort |
perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja na região de pato branco - pr |
| publisher |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| citation |
FACCIN, Marcos Antônio. Perdas na colheita mecanizada de soja na região de Pato Branco - PR. 2022. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Agronomia) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Pato Branco, 2022. |
| url |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/29049 |
| _version_ |
1805304813700775936 |
| score |
10,814766 |