Estudo de diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de Trichoderma harzianum no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum na cultura do feijoeiro

Black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), is considered a major legume in human consumption, but its production is affected by environmental adversities, pests and diseases. A disease considered of great importance for this crop is the white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), being its main form of control...

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Autor principal: Constantino, Leonardo Pesseti
Formato: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação)
Idioma: Português
Publicado em: Agronomia 2022
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spelling riut-1-296402022-09-17T06:08:16Z Estudo de diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de Trichoderma harzianum no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum na cultura do feijoeiro Study of different methodologies to evaluate the potential of Trichoderma harzianum in the control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the bean culture Constantino, Leonardo Pesseti Mazaro, Sérgio Miguel Siega, Thayllane de Campos Vismara, Lilian de Souza Russiano, Maira Cristina Schuster Mazaro, Sérgio Miguel Siega, Thayllane de Campos Feijão-comum Pragas agrícolas - Controle biológico Germinação Common bean Agricultural pests - Biological control Germination CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA Black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), is considered a major legume in human consumption, but its production is affected by environmental adversities, pests and diseases. A disease considered of great importance for this crop is the white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), being its main form of control the use of chemical agents. However, due to the requirement for better quality foods, organic products are gaining great importance, one of them being Trichoderma products, which have high control of pathogens, including white mold, but there are few studies to quantify the efficiency of field control. This present work proposes to study different methodologies to evaluate the potential of Trichoderma harzianum in the control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the bean crop. The experiment was conducted on the field at Universidade Tecnológica do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, from March 12th 2018 to May 14th 2018. Black bean seeds were used without any treatment, and were conducted in soil classified as Red Latosol, with a sowing rate of 6 to 8 plants per linear meter with spacing of 0.6 meters between rows. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with 6 treatments and 4 replicates. The following treatments were used: T1 Control standard EMBRAPA (bag with sclerotia in the tray without application of Trichoderma), T2 Standard EMBRAPA (bag with sclerotia in the tray), T3 Sachet with sclerotia directly on soil, T4 Gerbox® with sclerotia, T5 Control Sachet with sclerotia directly on the ground (without application of Trichoderma) and T6 Control Gerbox® with sclerotia (without application of Trichoderma). The applications of Trichoderma were carried out in the vegetative stage V2 and V4 of the culture, after 7 days of the last application were packed in Gerbox® and incubated in BOD and later evaluated after 42 days. The variables analyzed were: number of sclerodians that returned from the field, counting the number of apothecia and number of existing stapes for each treatment. The results were evaluated for the homogeneity and normality of the residues and later submitted to analysis of variance, were grouped by the Tukey averages test at 5% error probability, using the Genes statistical program. There was no significant difference in relation to the treatments with Trichoderma on the controls, This may be due to the low viability of sclerotia due to the in vitro multiplication that gave rise to small sclerosies with low viability, also due to the environmental conditions of high temperature and high humidity that may have degraded the sclerotia in the field, or by the control of sclerotia by Trichoderma present in the soil in a natural way due to the good soil management. Further work is suggested, however using larger sclerosis with better viability and using areas with high disease infestation and having low levels of natural Trichoderma in the soil O feijão preto (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), é considerado a principal leguminosa utilizada no consumo humano, contudo sua produção é afetada por condições adversas do ambiente, pragas e as doenças. Uma doença considerada de grande importância para tal cultura, é o mofo-branco (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), sendo sua principal forma de controle o uso de agentes químicos. Contudo devido a exigência por alimentos de melhor qualidade, os produtos biológicos vêm ganhando grande importância, um deles são os produtos à base de Trichoderma, os quais apresentam alto controle sobre patógenos, inclusive o mofo branco, todavia existem poucos trabalhos para quantificar a eficiência de controle a campo. Desta forma, o presente trabalho propõe estudar diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de Trichoderma harzianum no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum na cultura do feijoeiro. O experimento foi conduzido a campo na Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Câmpus Dois Vizinhos, durante o período de 12 de março à 14 de maio de 2018. Utilizaram-se sementes de feijão preto sem nenhum tratamento, e conduzidas em solo classificado como de Latossolo Vermelho sendo a taxa de semeadura de 6 a 8 plantas por metro linear com espaçamento de 0,6 metros entre fileiras. O delineamento experimental adotado foi blocos casualizados, com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições, os tratamentos adotados foram: T1 Testemunha padrão EMBRAPA (saquinho com escleródios na bandeja sem aplicação de Trichoderma), T2 Padrão EMBRAPA (saquinho com escleródios na bandeja), T3 Saquinho com escleródios diretamente no solo, T4 Gerbox® com Escleródios, T5 Testemunha Saquinho com escleródios diretamente no solo (sem aplicação de Trichoderma) e T6 Testemunha Gerbox® com Escleródios (sem aplicação de Trichoderma). As aplicações de Trichoderma foram realizadas no estádio vegetativo V2 e V4 da cultura, após 7 dias da última aplicação foram acondicionados em Gerbox® e incubados em BOD e posteriormente avaliados após 42 dias. As variáveis analisadas foram: número de escleródios que retornaram do campo, contagem do número de apotécios e número de estipes existentes para cada tratamento. Os resultados foram avaliados quanto a homogeneidade e normalidade dos resíduos e posteriormente submetidos a análise de variância, foram agrupados pelo teste de médias Tukey a 5% de probabilidade de erro, com a utilização do programa estatístico Genes. Não houve diferença significativa em relação aos tratamentos com aplicação de Trichoderma sobre as testemunhas, podendo tal fato se dar pela baixa viabilidade dos escleródios devido a forma de multiplicação in vitro que originou escleródios pequenos com baixa viabilidade, também pelas condições ambientais de temperatura elevada e alta umidade que podem ter degradado os escleródios no campo, ou pelo controle dos escleródios por Trichoderma presente no solo de maneira natural devido ao bom manejo do solo. Sugere-se novos trabalhos, todavia utilizando escleródios de tamanho maior com uma melhor viabilidade e utilizar áreas com alta infestação da doença e que tenham baixos índices de Trichoderma natural no solo. 2022-09-16T14:25:47Z 2022-09-16T14:25:47Z 2018-11-27 bachelorThesis CONSTANTINO, Leonardo Pesseti. Estudo de diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de Trichoderma harzianum no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorumna na cultura do feijoeiro. 2018. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Agronomia) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná,m Dois Vizinhos, 2018. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/29640 por openAccess application/pdf Agronomia Dois Vizinhos Brasil Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná UTFPR
institution Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
collection RIUT
language Português
topic Feijão-comum
Pragas agrícolas - Controle biológico
Germinação
Common bean
Agricultural pests - Biological control
Germination
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
spellingShingle Feijão-comum
Pragas agrícolas - Controle biológico
Germinação
Common bean
Agricultural pests - Biological control
Germination
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
Constantino, Leonardo Pesseti
Estudo de diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de Trichoderma harzianum no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum na cultura do feijoeiro
description Black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), is considered a major legume in human consumption, but its production is affected by environmental adversities, pests and diseases. A disease considered of great importance for this crop is the white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), being its main form of control the use of chemical agents. However, due to the requirement for better quality foods, organic products are gaining great importance, one of them being Trichoderma products, which have high control of pathogens, including white mold, but there are few studies to quantify the efficiency of field control. This present work proposes to study different methodologies to evaluate the potential of Trichoderma harzianum in the control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the bean crop. The experiment was conducted on the field at Universidade Tecnológica do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, from March 12th 2018 to May 14th 2018. Black bean seeds were used without any treatment, and were conducted in soil classified as Red Latosol, with a sowing rate of 6 to 8 plants per linear meter with spacing of 0.6 meters between rows. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with 6 treatments and 4 replicates. The following treatments were used: T1 Control standard EMBRAPA (bag with sclerotia in the tray without application of Trichoderma), T2 Standard EMBRAPA (bag with sclerotia in the tray), T3 Sachet with sclerotia directly on soil, T4 Gerbox® with sclerotia, T5 Control Sachet with sclerotia directly on the ground (without application of Trichoderma) and T6 Control Gerbox® with sclerotia (without application of Trichoderma). The applications of Trichoderma were carried out in the vegetative stage V2 and V4 of the culture, after 7 days of the last application were packed in Gerbox® and incubated in BOD and later evaluated after 42 days. The variables analyzed were: number of sclerodians that returned from the field, counting the number of apothecia and number of existing stapes for each treatment. The results were evaluated for the homogeneity and normality of the residues and later submitted to analysis of variance, were grouped by the Tukey averages test at 5% error probability, using the Genes statistical program. There was no significant difference in relation to the treatments with Trichoderma on the controls, This may be due to the low viability of sclerotia due to the in vitro multiplication that gave rise to small sclerosies with low viability, also due to the environmental conditions of high temperature and high humidity that may have degraded the sclerotia in the field, or by the control of sclerotia by Trichoderma present in the soil in a natural way due to the good soil management. Further work is suggested, however using larger sclerosis with better viability and using areas with high disease infestation and having low levels of natural Trichoderma in the soil
format Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação)
author Constantino, Leonardo Pesseti
author_sort Constantino, Leonardo Pesseti
title Estudo de diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de Trichoderma harzianum no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum na cultura do feijoeiro
title_short Estudo de diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de Trichoderma harzianum no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum na cultura do feijoeiro
title_full Estudo de diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de Trichoderma harzianum no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum na cultura do feijoeiro
title_fullStr Estudo de diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de Trichoderma harzianum no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum na cultura do feijoeiro
title_full_unstemmed Estudo de diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de Trichoderma harzianum no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum na cultura do feijoeiro
title_sort estudo de diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de trichoderma harzianum no controle de sclerotinia sclerotiorum na cultura do feijoeiro
publisher Agronomia
publishDate 2022
citation CONSTANTINO, Leonardo Pesseti. Estudo de diferentes metodologias para avaliar o potencial de Trichoderma harzianum no controle de Sclerotinia sclerotiorumna na cultura do feijoeiro. 2018. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Agronomia) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná,m Dois Vizinhos, 2018.
url http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/29640
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score 10,814766