Uso integrado de biofumigação com canola e Trichoderma harzianum no manejo da rizoctoniose em beterraba
The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity of the incorporation of Brassica napus into the soil, in the form of a powder or extract, with and without biofumigation and associated with the fungus Trichoderma harzianum, to reduce the density of R. solani inoculum and damping-off of beet....
| Autor principal: | Steilmann, Paula |
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| Formato: | Tese |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2019
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/4105 |
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| Resumo: |
The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity of the incorporation of Brassica napus into the soil, in the form of a powder or extract, with and without biofumigation and associated with the fungus Trichoderma harzianum, to reduce the density of R. solani inoculum and damping-off of beet. In vitro tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of powder (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 g) or extract (0, 3, 9, and 12%) of the shoot or roots of B. napus on mycelial growth and on the pathogen hyphaes. The concentrations of 9 and 12% of powder or extract caused a greater reduction in pathogen mycelial growth, with the root powder being the most efficient. These treatments were tested, in a greenhouse with biofumigation, on seedling emergence, damping-off and development, as well as pathogen inoculum survival. The 9 and 12% canola root treatments adversely affected seedling emergence, by causing phytotoxicity in the seedlings. Regarding damping-off, the concentrations of 6% of powder and 12% of extract, in association with biofumigation, controlled the disease by more than 80%. The combinations of 0.6 g of powder and 12% extract, in association with T. harzianum, were also evaluated against pathogen mycelial growth, in vitro. These treatments were also evaluated in association with biofumigation, in the greenhouse and in the field, for their effect on seedling emergence and development, damping-off, pathogen inoculum density and soil microbial activity. In the study, in vitro, powder and extract treatments associated with T. harzianum promoted the same pathogen mycelial growth as the treatments used alone. In the greenhouse studies, for the variables emergence, damping-off and pathogen inoculum density, the treatments extract, and extract + T. harzianum stood out, while biofumigation was only significant in the study with powder and root extract of B. napus. The microbial activity was higher in treatments with extract + T. harzianum and only T. harzianum. In the field experiments, for the variables emergence, damping-off and R. solani inoculum density reduction, treatments with shoot powder, root powder and both of these in association with T. harzianum stood out. |
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