Registro fonte: Cultivo consorciado de milho e soja

Cultivo consorciado de milho e soja

The intercropping of corn and soybean is not new, however, the evolution of technologies/cultivars requires subject update. In addition, the success of corn and soybean intercropping depends on a synchrony between the phenological stages at silage timing of the species and its plant/row arrangement...

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Autor principal:	Batista, Vanderson Vieira
Formato:	Dissertação
Idioma:	Português
Publicado em:	Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná 2019
Assuntos:	Milho - Cultivo Soja - Cultivo Cultivo consorciado Corn - Planting Soybean - Planting Companion planting CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA Agronomia
Acesso em linha:	http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/4391
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spelling	riut-1-43912019-09-11T06:00:50Z Cultivo consorciado de milho e soja Intercrop between maize and soybean Batista, Vanderson Vieira Adami, Paulo Fernando http://lattes.cnpq.br/9289119211222717 Adami, Paulo Fernando Soares, André Brugnara Lustosa, Sebastião Brasil Campos Milho - Cultivo Soja - Cultivo Cultivo consorciado Corn - Planting Soybean - Planting Companion planting CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA Agronomia The intercropping of corn and soybean is not new, however, the evolution of technologies/cultivars requires subject update. In addition, the success of corn and soybean intercropping depends on a synchrony between the phenological stages at silage timing of the species and its plant/row arrangement used. The objective of this study was to evaluate the forage production and its silage quality of corn and soybean intercrop using cultivars with different maturation cycles (experiment 1) and to verify the influence of different maize and soybean intercrop row arrangements in the forage production, silage quality and maize grain yield compared with a monocrop maize cultivation (experiment 2). Both studies were carried out at the Technologic University of Paraná, Campus of Dois Vizinhos - PR, Brazil in a randomized block design with 4 replications. Experiment 1 was carried out along 2016/17 harvest season, in a randomized block design with a 2 × 3 factorial scheme. Factors consisted of two maize hybrids (1: P1630YHR - early cycle and 2: medium cycle P30F53VYHR) and two soybean cultivars (P95R51 and TMG7062- with maturation cycle group of 5.1 and 6.2 respectively) and a control treatment, represented by maize monocrop. Thus, experiment 2 evaluated eight arrangements between maize and soybean intercrop (number and distance between rows), plus a treatment with maize in monocrop. Silage was harvested when maize reached 2/3 of the grain filled with starch, and maize grain harvest (study 2) with approximately 20% moisture. An analysis of variance was applied and when a significant effect was observed, a comparison test of means (Tukey) was performed. For experiment 2, treatment of maize monocrop was compared with the intercrop arrangements by the t-test. Data analysis was performed with the help of Sisvar 5.6 software. It was noticed at the first experiment that maize and soybean intercrop does not affect silage biomass yield. It was also noticed that both soybean cultivars presented compatible cycles for ensiling with maize hybrids, once they were in phenological stages from R5,3 to R7 at the maize silage right time. Maize hybrid P30F53 produced higher amounts of biomass than P1630, which also resulted in a higher amount of crude protein per hectare. The P1630 + P95R51 intercrop produced 458 kg ha-1 of crude protein over maize monocrop. At the second experiment, it was reported that corn biomass yield among different arrangements were similar, although, some arrangements showed lower biomass (about 3,000 kg ha-1) when compared to corn monocrop. However, there were no differences among the evaluated arrangements and maize monocrop for total biomass yield. It has been found that crude protein in the silage and consequently per unit area increases as soybean biomass increases. Maize thousand grain weight and grain yield per plant and per area were affected in some of the maize and soybean intercropped arrangements. It was noticed that the arrangement with two maize rows + two soybean rows (2M + 2S-30 cm) and/or four maize rows + four soybean rows (4M + 4S-30 cm) showed higher crude protein yield (kg ha-1) associated with similar maize grain yield of monocrop treatment. Based on data from both experiments, it is confirmed that soybean intercropped with maize has the potential to raise silage crude protein content and yield. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) O cultivo consorciado de milho e soja não é nenhuma novidade, entretanto a evolução das tecnologias/cultivares exige que informações sobre o tema sejam atualizadas. Além disso, o sucesso do cultivo consorciado de milho e soja depende do sincronismo correto entre os estádios fenológicos das espécies (momento da silagem) e do arranjo de plantas/linhas utilizado. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a produção de forragem e a qualidade da silagem de consórcio de milho e soja, com cultivares de diferentes ciclo de maturação (experimento 1) e verificar a influência de diferentes arranjos entre linhas a produção de forragem, qualidade de silagem e rendimento de grãos de milho em consórcio, comparando com o cultivo de milho em monocultura (experimento 2). Ambos os estudos foram conduzidos na Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos – PR, Brasil, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com 4 repetições. O experimento 1 foi conduzido durante a safra 2016/17, com esquema fatorial 2 × 3. Os fatores consistiram de dois híbridos de milho (1: P1630YHR - ciclo precoce e 2: ciclo médio P30F53VYHR) e duas cultivares de soja (P95R51 - ciclo de maturação de 5,1; TMG7062 - ciclo de maturação de 6,2) e um tratamento controle, representado por milho em monocultura. Já o experimento 2, avaliou oito arranjos entre milho e soja (número de linhas e espaçamentos) em consórcio mais um tratamento com milho em monocultura. A colheita dos matérias para silagem foi realizado quando o milho se encontrava com 2/3 do grão já preenchido de amido, e a colheita para determinação do rendimento de grãos (estudo 2) foi realizada com aproximadamente 20% de umidade. Aplicou-se análise variância e quando se observou efeito significativo, teste de comparação de médias (Tukey). Para o estudo 2, comparou-se o tratamento de milho em monocultura com os sistemas de consórcio pelo teste t. A análise de dados foi realizada com o auxílio do software Sisvar 5.6. Para o primeiro estudo, observou-se que ao consorciar a soja com o milho, o rendimento de biomassa para silagem não é afetado. Também, constatou-se que ambas as cultivares de soja apresentam ciclos compatíveis para ensilagem com os híbridos de milho, uma vez que se encontravam em estágios fenológicos de R5.3 a R7 no ponto de ensilagem do milho. O híbrido de milho P30F53 produziu maior quantidade de biomassa que o P1630, o que também resultou em maior produtividade de proteína bruta (2.040 Kg ha-1). O consórcio P1630+P95R51, produziu 458 kg ha-1 de proteína bruta a mais que o cultivo de P1630 em monocultura. Quanto ao segundo experimento, a produtividade de biomassa de milho foi similar entre os arranjos, entretanto alguns arranjos apresentaram menor produtividade quando comparado com o milho em monocultura (3.000 kg ha-1, aproximadamente). Todavia, não foi observado diferenças entre os diferentes arranjos avaliados e o cultivo de milho em monocultura, para a produtividade total de biomassa. Averiguou-se que o maior rendimento de biomassa de soja, proporciona aumento da quantidade de proteína bruta da silagem e consequentemente por unidade de área. A massa de mil grãos e a produtividade de grãos por planta e por área foi afetada em alguns arranjos do consórcio milho e soja. Observa-se que a utilização de duas linhas de milho e duas linhas de soja (2M + 2S-30 cm) e/ou quatro linhas de milho + quatro linhas de soja (4M + 4S-30 cm), apresentam maior rendimento de proteína bruta por área associada ao rendimento de grãos de milho semelhante ao cultivo de milho em monocultura. Considerando os dados de ambos os experimentos, confirma-se que a soja cultivada em consórcio com o milho apresenta potencial para elevar o teor proteína bruta da silagem. 2019-09-10T13:36:20Z 2019-09-10T13:36:20Z 2019-02-11 masterThesis BATISTA, Vanderson Vieira. Cultivo consorciado de milho e soja. 2019. 59 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agroecossistemas) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Dois Vizinhos, 2019. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/4391 por openAccess application/pdf Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Dois Vizinhos Brasil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroecossistemas UTFPR
institution	Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
collection	RIUT
language	Português
topic	Milho - Cultivo Soja - Cultivo Cultivo consorciado Corn - Planting Soybean - Planting Companion planting CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA Agronomia
spellingShingle	Milho - Cultivo Soja - Cultivo Cultivo consorciado Corn - Planting Soybean - Planting Companion planting CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA Agronomia Batista, Vanderson Vieira Cultivo consorciado de milho e soja
description	The intercropping of corn and soybean is not new, however, the evolution of technologies/cultivars requires subject update. In addition, the success of corn and soybean intercropping depends on a synchrony between the phenological stages at silage timing of the species and its plant/row arrangement used. The objective of this study was to evaluate the forage production and its silage quality of corn and soybean intercrop using cultivars with different maturation cycles (experiment 1) and to verify the influence of different maize and soybean intercrop row arrangements in the forage production, silage quality and maize grain yield compared with a monocrop maize cultivation (experiment 2). Both studies were carried out at the Technologic University of Paraná, Campus of Dois Vizinhos - PR, Brazil in a randomized block design with 4 replications. Experiment 1 was carried out along 2016/17 harvest season, in a randomized block design with a 2 × 3 factorial scheme. Factors consisted of two maize hybrids (1: P1630YHR - early cycle and 2: medium cycle P30F53VYHR) and two soybean cultivars (P95R51 and TMG7062- with maturation cycle group of 5.1 and 6.2 respectively) and a control treatment, represented by maize monocrop. Thus, experiment 2 evaluated eight arrangements between maize and soybean intercrop (number and distance between rows), plus a treatment with maize in monocrop. Silage was harvested when maize reached 2/3 of the grain filled with starch, and maize grain harvest (study 2) with approximately 20% moisture. An analysis of variance was applied and when a significant effect was observed, a comparison test of means (Tukey) was performed. For experiment 2, treatment of maize monocrop was compared with the intercrop arrangements by the t-test. Data analysis was performed with the help of Sisvar 5.6 software. It was noticed at the first experiment that maize and soybean intercrop does not affect silage biomass yield. It was also noticed that both soybean cultivars presented compatible cycles for ensiling with maize hybrids, once they were in phenological stages from R5,3 to R7 at the maize silage right time. Maize hybrid P30F53 produced higher amounts of biomass than P1630, which also resulted in a higher amount of crude protein per hectare. The P1630 + P95R51 intercrop produced 458 kg ha-1 of crude protein over maize monocrop. At the second experiment, it was reported that corn biomass yield among different arrangements were similar, although, some arrangements showed lower biomass (about 3,000 kg ha-1) when compared to corn monocrop. However, there were no differences among the evaluated arrangements and maize monocrop for total biomass yield. It has been found that crude protein in the silage and consequently per unit area increases as soybean biomass increases. Maize thousand grain weight and grain yield per plant and per area were affected in some of the maize and soybean intercropped arrangements. It was noticed that the arrangement with two maize rows + two soybean rows (2M + 2S-30 cm) and/or four maize rows + four soybean rows (4M + 4S-30 cm) showed higher crude protein yield (kg ha-1) associated with similar maize grain yield of monocrop treatment. Based on data from both experiments, it is confirmed that soybean intercropped with maize has the potential to raise silage crude protein content and yield.
format	Dissertação
author	Batista, Vanderson Vieira
author_sort	Batista, Vanderson Vieira
title	Cultivo consorciado de milho e soja
title_short	Cultivo consorciado de milho e soja
title_full	Cultivo consorciado de milho e soja
title_fullStr	Cultivo consorciado de milho e soja
title_full_unstemmed	Cultivo consorciado de milho e soja
title_sort	cultivo consorciado de milho e soja
publisher	Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
publishDate	2019
citation	BATISTA, Vanderson Vieira. Cultivo consorciado de milho e soja. 2019. 59 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agroecossistemas) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Dois Vizinhos, 2019.
url	http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/4391
_version_	1805313031857504256
score	10,814766

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