Indústria da produção de biodiesel
Biodiesel is a renewable energy to substitute diesel oil, since these fuels are used to move heavy machinery. The market for this biofuel is growing steadily because of the increase in the obligation of the biodiesel’s mixture with diesel oil in volume proportions BXs with the objective to reduce th...
| Principais autores: | Ocamoto, Airton Nagai, Vieira, Bruno Rafael Del Rio, Antoniassi, Maria Alice, Lemes, Pamela Maria Pereira |
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| Formato: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/5471 |
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| Resumo: |
Biodiesel is a renewable energy to substitute diesel oil, since these fuels are used to move heavy machinery. The market for this biofuel is growing steadily because of the increase in the obligation of the biodiesel’s mixture with diesel oil in volume proportions BXs with the objective to reduce the emission of pollutant gases in relation to the use of pure fossil diesel. Actually, in Brazil, the volume proportion of mixture is 7% (B7). The raw materials used for biodiesel production are several, such as vegetable oil, animal fats and waste oils or fats. The process of synthesis occurs through transesterification or esterification reactions of the triacyl glyceride and free fatty acids (FFA), respectively, with a lower alcohol and is catalyzed by homogeneous, heterogeneous catalysis, both acids or bases, enzymatic catalysis or supercritical fluids. The industrial plant for the production of biodiesel made in this work, use as raw materials refined soybean oil, ethanol and sodium hydroxide as catalyst. The industry is located in Vale do Ivaí in the city of Apucarana, PR, for owning supplier industries nearby. The productive capacity of the industry will be 23,78.103 gallons, reaching a conversion of 98,9% of refined soybean for the determination of the quantity of raw materials used daily. From the mass and energy balance of the process, it was possible to size the equipments to be installed so that the blueprint design becomes viable. Therefore, a financial analysis of the company war realized with the objective of obtaining a prediction of the net earnings and consequently the payout rate to stipulate the prompt in which the installation costs will be settled with the sale of the biodiesel, the dreg (soda and lecithin) and the raw glycerin. Another analysis carried out in this work is the energy integration of hot and cold streams of the process, with the purpose to take advantage of the heat by the hot streams to exchange heat with the cold streams, reducing que amount of biomass used in the boiler for high pressure stream generation and the amount of the fluid used to decrease the temperature of degummed soybean oil and biodiesel streams to be stored. |
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