Tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio
The release of effluents generated in the dairy industry in water bodies without proper treatment can result in environmental problems and human health, due to the nitrogen compounds and organic matter present in them. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of a continuous f...
| Autor principal: | Gonçalves, Bianca Zamberlan |
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| Formato: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/12045 |
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| Resumo: |
The release of effluents generated in the dairy industry in water bodies without proper treatment can result in environmental problems and human health, due to the nitrogen compounds and organic matter present in them. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of a continuous flow structured bed reactor operated under aeration, in the removal of nitrogen compounds and organic matter when subjected to
variations in organic volumetric load applied (COVa). The reactor used had a total volume of 2.650L and as support material was used four cylindrical structures of polyurethane foams, 48 cm high and 1.5 cm in diameter. The system was operated under continuous aeration and 24h Hydraulic Detention Time (TDH). The reactor was fed dairy effluent from a dairy industry located in the north of Paraná. The results of the study were: pH, alkalinity, N-ammoniacal (N-NH4+), nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-), total solids, Total Kjeldahl (NKT), total chemical oxygen demand (DQOT) and filtered (DQOF). In the system two Phases were worked, being these with different COVa: Phase I (0.3 KgDQO.m-3.d-1) and Phase II (0.6 KgDQO.m-3.d-1). In Phase I, for pH, the mean values obtained were 7.2 tributary (Af) and 8.7 effluent (Ef), e7,0Af and 8.2Ef in Phase II. For the alkalinity in Phase I an average value of 517 mg CaCO3.L-1 Af and 494 mg CaCO3.L-1 Ef, and in Phase II 625.6 mg CaCO3.L-1 Af and 632.5 mg CaCO3.L-1. The percentages of NKT removal were around 64.9% in Phase I and 72.6% in Phase II. In Phase I the percentage of removal of DQOT was 90% and in Phase II of 94%, indicating little variability in relation to the removal of organic matter. The removal efficiencies for ST were not satisfactory, being 20% in Phase I and 15% in Phase II. From the results it was concluded that the system was efficient in terms of removal of organic matter and although the percentages obtained for nitrogen removal were not high, it met the launch parameters required by the legislation. The t-Student hypothesis test applied to the percentages of NKT removal, total nitrogen NT, DQOT and ST obtained in the two phases worked showed that there was no significant difference between them at the 5% level, indicating that the COVa variation did not Influenced the removal of these constituents, which indicates little variation in the behavior of the system. |
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