Tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio
The release of effluents generated in the dairy industry in water bodies without proper treatment can result in environmental problems and human health, due to the nitrogen compounds and organic matter present in them. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of a continuous f...
| Autor principal: | Gonçalves, Bianca Zamberlan |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) |
| Idioma: | Português |
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Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2020
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http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/12045 |
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riut-1-120452020-11-16T10:54:11Z Tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio Treatment of dairy effluents in aerobic structured bed reactor Gonçalves, Bianca Zamberlan Prates, Katia Valeria Marques Cardoso Correa, Camila Zoe Fazolo, Ajadir Dal Bosco, Tatiane Cristina Prates, Katia Valeria Marques Cardoso Águas residuais - Purificação Indústria de laticínios Reatores químicos Sewage - Purification Dairy products industry Chemical reactors CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA The release of effluents generated in the dairy industry in water bodies without proper treatment can result in environmental problems and human health, due to the nitrogen compounds and organic matter present in them. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of a continuous flow structured bed reactor operated under aeration, in the removal of nitrogen compounds and organic matter when subjected to variations in organic volumetric load applied (COVa). The reactor used had a total volume of 2.650L and as support material was used four cylindrical structures of polyurethane foams, 48 cm high and 1.5 cm in diameter. The system was operated under continuous aeration and 24h Hydraulic Detention Time (TDH). The reactor was fed dairy effluent from a dairy industry located in the north of Paraná. The results of the study were: pH, alkalinity, N-ammoniacal (N-NH4+), nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-), total solids, Total Kjeldahl (NKT), total chemical oxygen demand (DQOT) and filtered (DQOF). In the system two Phases were worked, being these with different COVa: Phase I (0.3 KgDQO.m-3.d-1) and Phase II (0.6 KgDQO.m-3.d-1). In Phase I, for pH, the mean values obtained were 7.2 tributary (Af) and 8.7 effluent (Ef), e7,0Af and 8.2Ef in Phase II. For the alkalinity in Phase I an average value of 517 mg CaCO3.L-1 Af and 494 mg CaCO3.L-1 Ef, and in Phase II 625.6 mg CaCO3.L-1 Af and 632.5 mg CaCO3.L-1. The percentages of NKT removal were around 64.9% in Phase I and 72.6% in Phase II. In Phase I the percentage of removal of DQOT was 90% and in Phase II of 94%, indicating little variability in relation to the removal of organic matter. The removal efficiencies for ST were not satisfactory, being 20% in Phase I and 15% in Phase II. From the results it was concluded that the system was efficient in terms of removal of organic matter and although the percentages obtained for nitrogen removal were not high, it met the launch parameters required by the legislation. The t-Student hypothesis test applied to the percentages of NKT removal, total nitrogen NT, DQOT and ST obtained in the two phases worked showed that there was no significant difference between them at the 5% level, indicating that the COVa variation did not Influenced the removal of these constituents, which indicates little variation in the behavior of the system. O lançamento de efluentes gerados nas indústrias de laticínios em corpos hídricos sem o correto tratamento, pode resultar em problemas ambientais e a saúde humana, devido aos compostos nitrogenados e matéria orgânica nele presentes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal avaliar o desempenho de um reator de leito estruturado com fluxo contínuo operado sob aeração, na remoção de compostos nitrogenados e matéria orgânica quando submetido a variações de carga orgânica volumétrica aplicada (COVa).O reator utilizado possuía volume total de 2.650L e como material suporte foi utilizado quatro estruturas cilíndricas de espumas de poliuretano, com 48 cm de altura e 1,5 cm de diâmetro. O sistema foi operado sob aeração contínua e Tempo de Detenção Hidráulico (TDH)de 24h.O reator foi alimentado com efluente de laticínios proveniente de uma indústria de laticínios situada no norte do Paraná. Foram realizadas análises físico-químicas para determinação de:pH, alcalinidade, série de sólidos, N-amoniacal (N-NH4+), nitrito(N-NO2-), nitrato(N-NO3-), sólidos totais(ST), nitrogênio Kjeldahl total (NKT), demanda química de oxigênio total(DQOT) e filtrada (DQOF). No sistema foram trabalhadas duas Fases, sendo estas com diferentes COVa: Fase I (0,3 KgDQO.m-3.d-1) e Fase II (0,6 KgDQO.m-3.d-1). Na Fase I, para o pH os valores médiosobtidos foram de 7,2 afluente (Af) e 8,7 efluente (Ef),e7,0Af e 8,2Ef na Fase II. Para a alcalinidade na Fase I obteve-se um valor médio de 517mg CaCO3.L-1Af e 494mg CaCO3.L-1 Ef, e na Fase II de 625,6mg CaCO3.L-1 Af e 632,5 mg CaCO3.L-1 Ef. Os percentuais de remoção de NKT foram em torno de 64,9% na Fase I e 72,6% na Fase II. Na Fase I o percentual de remoção de DQOT foi de 90% e na Fase II de 94%, indicando pouca variabilidade com relação à remoção de matéria orgânica. As eficiências de remoção para ST não foram satisfatórios, sendo de 20% na Fase I e 15% na Fase II. Dos resultados conclui-se que o sistema foi eficiente em termos de remoção de matéria orgânica e apesar dos percentuais obtidos para remoção de nitrogênio não terem sido elevados, atendeu aos parâmetros de lançamento exigido pela legislação. O teste de hipótese t-Student aplicado aos percentuais de remoção de NKT, nitrogênio total NT, DQOT e ST obtidos nas duas fases trabalhadas, mostrou que não houve diferença significativa entre elas, ao nível de 5%, indicando que a variação de COVa não influenciou na remoção destes constituintes, o que indica pouca variação no comportamento do sistema. 2020-11-16T10:54:11Z 2020-11-16T10:54:11Z 2017-06-19 bachelorThesis GONÇALVES, Bianca Zamberlan. Tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio. 2017. 51 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Londrina, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/12045 por openAccess application/pdf Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Londrina Brasil Engenharia Ambiental UTFPR |
| institution |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná |
| collection |
RIUT |
| language |
Português |
| topic |
Águas residuais - Purificação Indústria de laticínios Reatores químicos Sewage - Purification Dairy products industry Chemical reactors CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA |
| spellingShingle |
Águas residuais - Purificação Indústria de laticínios Reatores químicos Sewage - Purification Dairy products industry Chemical reactors CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA Gonçalves, Bianca Zamberlan Tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio |
| description |
The release of effluents generated in the dairy industry in water bodies without proper treatment can result in environmental problems and human health, due to the nitrogen compounds and organic matter present in them. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of a continuous flow structured bed reactor operated under aeration, in the removal of nitrogen compounds and organic matter when subjected to
variations in organic volumetric load applied (COVa). The reactor used had a total volume of 2.650L and as support material was used four cylindrical structures of polyurethane foams, 48 cm high and 1.5 cm in diameter. The system was operated under continuous aeration and 24h Hydraulic Detention Time (TDH). The reactor was fed dairy effluent from a dairy industry located in the north of Paraná. The results of the study were: pH, alkalinity, N-ammoniacal (N-NH4+), nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-), total solids, Total Kjeldahl (NKT), total chemical oxygen demand (DQOT) and filtered (DQOF). In the system two Phases were worked, being these with different COVa: Phase I (0.3 KgDQO.m-3.d-1) and Phase II (0.6 KgDQO.m-3.d-1). In Phase I, for pH, the mean values obtained were 7.2 tributary (Af) and 8.7 effluent (Ef), e7,0Af and 8.2Ef in Phase II. For the alkalinity in Phase I an average value of 517 mg CaCO3.L-1 Af and 494 mg CaCO3.L-1 Ef, and in Phase II 625.6 mg CaCO3.L-1 Af and 632.5 mg CaCO3.L-1. The percentages of NKT removal were around 64.9% in Phase I and 72.6% in Phase II. In Phase I the percentage of removal of DQOT was 90% and in Phase II of 94%, indicating little variability in relation to the removal of organic matter. The removal efficiencies for ST were not satisfactory, being 20% in Phase I and 15% in Phase II. From the results it was concluded that the system was efficient in terms of removal of organic matter and although the percentages obtained for nitrogen removal were not high, it met the launch parameters required by the legislation. The t-Student hypothesis test applied to the percentages of NKT removal, total nitrogen NT, DQOT and ST obtained in the two phases worked showed that there was no significant difference between them at the 5% level, indicating that the COVa variation did not Influenced the removal of these constituents, which indicates little variation in the behavior of the system. |
| format |
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) |
| author |
Gonçalves, Bianca Zamberlan |
| author_sort |
Gonçalves, Bianca Zamberlan |
| title |
Tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio |
| title_short |
Tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio |
| title_full |
Tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio |
| title_fullStr |
Tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio |
| title_sort |
tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio |
| publisher |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| citation |
GONÇALVES, Bianca Zamberlan. Tratamento de efluente de laticínio em reator de leito estruturado aeróbio. 2017. 51 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Londrina, 2017. |
| url |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/12045 |
| _version_ |
1805315655270924288 |
| score |
10,814766 |