Teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de São Lourenço do Oeste - SC
With the increasing demand for spaces in the urban territory, the cities end up expanding without planning and facing the natural landscape, ends up altering the hydrological system reducing the recharge of the aquifers and increasing the volume of the surface runoff. The water that is absorbed by t...
| Autor principal: | Pozzan, Bruna |
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| Formato: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Especialização) |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/22491 |
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| Resumo: |
With the increasing demand for spaces in the urban territory, the cities end up expanding without planning and facing the natural landscape, ends up altering the hydrological system reducing the recharge of the aquifers and increasing the volume of the surface runoff. The water that is absorbed by the soil is related to the intensity of the rain, the declivity of the terrain, the existence of vegetation cover and the capacity of infiltration of the soil. In order to reduce the environmental impacts caused by unbridled urban population growth, it is necessary to know the rate of water infiltration and its speed, making possible the definition of conservation techniques, as well as the planning of drainage and irrigation systems. The present study had as objective to evaluate the infiltration of water in the soil, in different slopes and coverages, using the ring infiltrator method, in the city of. The studies were carried out in two points with different slopes, the first one at an approximate altitude of 924m and the second, approximately 785m. The data were collected in the field, through the ring infiltrators, which is made of ferrous material, spiked in the soil concentrically, the largest ring with a diameter of 40cm and the smaller one of 20cm, both with a height of 30cm. The inner and outer cylinders were drilled approximately 10cm from the ground, water was added to the rings and the readings were performed only on the inner ring with the help of a 60cm ruler. The readings were performed in soil with grass and exposed soil at both points, both with two replicates and on different days, repeating the tests in the day before and after a rainy period of 1 in 1 cm, according to the time required, totaling 60 minutes. This led to the creation of graphs in which to reach the result of the infiltration capacity, the Horton equation was used and it was observed that in exposed soils the initial infiltration rates were higher and gradually decreased with time, already in soils with grass the rates were more constant in the same period of time. The IntensityDuration-Frequency (IDF) graphs showed the same, but it is notorious that in low points the infiltration capacity was higher than in high points, being more susceptible to the surface runoff, and can be explained by its texture, the high point showed very clayey soil and the clayey low, being that the thinner the soil structure (very clayey), more susceptible to compaction, which reduced the infiltration capacity and increased the flow. The proper management of the soil is of paramount importance to reduce losses with runoff and, consequently, floods. |
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