Teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de São Lourenço do Oeste - SC
With the increasing demand for spaces in the urban territory, the cities end up expanding without planning and facing the natural landscape, ends up altering the hydrological system reducing the recharge of the aquifers and increasing the volume of the surface runoff. The water that is absorbed by t...
| Autor principal: | Pozzan, Bruna |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Especialização) |
| Idioma: | Português |
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Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2020
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http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/22491 |
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riut-1-224912020-11-25T14:19:08Z Teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de São Lourenço do Oeste - SC Infiltration test at different altitudes and soil cover in the municipality of São Lourenço do Oeste - SC Pozzan, Bruna Schmidt, Carla Adriana Pizarro Schmidt, Carla Adriana Pizarro Giona, Renata Mello Costa, Michelle Budke Solos - Absorção Infiltração Impacto ambiental Soil absorption and adsorption Seepage Environmental impact statements CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA With the increasing demand for spaces in the urban territory, the cities end up expanding without planning and facing the natural landscape, ends up altering the hydrological system reducing the recharge of the aquifers and increasing the volume of the surface runoff. The water that is absorbed by the soil is related to the intensity of the rain, the declivity of the terrain, the existence of vegetation cover and the capacity of infiltration of the soil. In order to reduce the environmental impacts caused by unbridled urban population growth, it is necessary to know the rate of water infiltration and its speed, making possible the definition of conservation techniques, as well as the planning of drainage and irrigation systems. The present study had as objective to evaluate the infiltration of water in the soil, in different slopes and coverages, using the ring infiltrator method, in the city of. The studies were carried out in two points with different slopes, the first one at an approximate altitude of 924m and the second, approximately 785m. The data were collected in the field, through the ring infiltrators, which is made of ferrous material, spiked in the soil concentrically, the largest ring with a diameter of 40cm and the smaller one of 20cm, both with a height of 30cm. The inner and outer cylinders were drilled approximately 10cm from the ground, water was added to the rings and the readings were performed only on the inner ring with the help of a 60cm ruler. The readings were performed in soil with grass and exposed soil at both points, both with two replicates and on different days, repeating the tests in the day before and after a rainy period of 1 in 1 cm, according to the time required, totaling 60 minutes. This led to the creation of graphs in which to reach the result of the infiltration capacity, the Horton equation was used and it was observed that in exposed soils the initial infiltration rates were higher and gradually decreased with time, already in soils with grass the rates were more constant in the same period of time. The IntensityDuration-Frequency (IDF) graphs showed the same, but it is notorious that in low points the infiltration capacity was higher than in high points, being more susceptible to the surface runoff, and can be explained by its texture, the high point showed very clayey soil and the clayey low, being that the thinner the soil structure (very clayey), more susceptible to compaction, which reduced the infiltration capacity and increased the flow. The proper management of the soil is of paramount importance to reduce losses with runoff and, consequently, floods. Com a crescente demanda por espaços no território urbano, as cidades acabam por expandir sem planejamento e frente à paisagem natural, acaba alterando o sistema hidrológico diminuindo a recarga dos aquíferos e aumentando o volume do escoamento superficial. A água que é absorvida pelo solo, tem relação com a intensidade da chuva, a declividade do terreno, a existência de cobertura vegetal e a capacidade de infiltração do solo. Para diminuir os impactos ambientais causados pelo crescimento populacional urbano desenfreado é necessário conhecer a taxa de infiltração da água e sua velocidade, tornando possível a definição de técnicas de conservação, além do planejamento de sistemas de drenagem e irrigação. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a infiltração de água no solo, em diferentes declividades e coberturas, utilizando o método de infiltrômetro de anéis, no município de São Lourenço do Oeste – SC. Os estudos foram realizados em dois pontos com diferentes declividades, sendo o primeiro a uma altitude aproximada de 924m e o segundo, aproximadamente 785m. Os dados foram coletados a campo, através dos infiltrômetros de anéis, o qual é constituído de material ferroso, cravados no solo de maneira concêntrica, sendo o anel maior com diâmetro de 40cm e o menor de 20cm, ambos com 30cm de altura. Os cilindros interno e externo foram cravados a aproximadamente 10cm do solo, posteriormente adicionado água nos anéis e as leituras foram realizadas apenas no anel interno com a ajuda de uma régua de 60cm. As leituras foram realizadas em solo com gramínea e solo exposto, nos dois pontos, ambos com duas repetições e em diferentes dias, repetindo os testes em dia anterior e posterior a um período de chuva, de 1 em 1 cm, conforme o tempo necessário, totalizando 60 minutos. Com isso chegou-se a confecção de gráficos no qual para se chegar ao resultado da capacidade de infiltração, foi utilizado a equação de Horton e observou-se que em solos expostos as taxas de infiltração iniciais eram maiores e diminuíam gradativamente com o tempo, já em solos com gramínea as taxas eram mais constantes no mesmo período de tempo. Os gráficos de Intensidade-DuraçãoFrequência (IDF) demonstraram o mesmo, porém é notório que em pontos baixos a capacidade de infiltração foi maior do que em pontos altos, estando mais susceptíveis ao escoamento superficial, podendo ser explicado pela sua textura, pois ao classificálos, o ponto alto apresentou solo muito argiloso e o ponto baixo argiloso, sendo que quanto mais fina a estrutura do solo (muito argiloso), mais susceptíveis a compactação, o que diminuiu a capacidade de infiltração e aumenta o escoamento. O manejo adequado do solo é de suma importância para reduzir prejuízos com escoamento superficial e, consequentemente, enchentes. 2020-11-25T14:19:08Z 2020-11-25T14:19:08Z 2018-08-18 specializationThesis POZZAN, Bruna. Teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de São Lourenço do Oeste - SC. 2018. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Especialização em Gestão Ambiental em Municípios) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Medianeira, 2018. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/22491 por openAccess application/pdf Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Medianeira Brasil Gestão Ambiental em Municípios UTFPR |
| institution |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná |
| collection |
RIUT |
| language |
Português |
| topic |
Solos - Absorção Infiltração Impacto ambiental Soil absorption and adsorption Seepage Environmental impact statements CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA |
| spellingShingle |
Solos - Absorção Infiltração Impacto ambiental Soil absorption and adsorption Seepage Environmental impact statements CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA Pozzan, Bruna Teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de São Lourenço do Oeste - SC |
| description |
With the increasing demand for spaces in the urban territory, the cities end up expanding without planning and facing the natural landscape, ends up altering the hydrological system reducing the recharge of the aquifers and increasing the volume of the surface runoff. The water that is absorbed by the soil is related to the intensity of the rain, the declivity of the terrain, the existence of vegetation cover and the capacity of infiltration of the soil. In order to reduce the environmental impacts caused by unbridled urban population growth, it is necessary to know the rate of water infiltration and its speed, making possible the definition of conservation techniques, as well as the planning of drainage and irrigation systems. The present study had as objective to evaluate the infiltration of water in the soil, in different slopes and coverages, using the ring infiltrator method, in the city of. The studies were carried out in two points with different slopes, the first one at an approximate altitude of 924m and the second, approximately 785m. The data were collected in the field, through the ring infiltrators, which is made of ferrous material, spiked in the soil concentrically, the largest ring with a diameter of 40cm and the smaller one of 20cm, both with a height of 30cm. The inner and outer cylinders were drilled approximately 10cm from the ground, water was added to the rings and the readings were performed only on the inner ring with the help of a 60cm ruler. The readings were performed in soil with grass and exposed soil at both points, both with two replicates and on different days, repeating the tests in the day before and after a rainy period of 1 in 1 cm, according to the time required, totaling 60 minutes. This led to the creation of graphs in which to reach the result of the infiltration capacity, the Horton equation was used and it was observed that in exposed soils the initial infiltration rates were higher and gradually decreased with time, already in soils with grass the rates were more constant in the same period of time. The IntensityDuration-Frequency (IDF) graphs showed the same, but it is notorious that in low points the infiltration capacity was higher than in high points, being more susceptible to the surface runoff, and can be explained by its texture, the high point showed very clayey soil and the clayey low, being that the thinner the soil structure (very clayey), more susceptible to compaction, which reduced the infiltration capacity and increased the flow. The proper management of the soil is of paramount importance to reduce losses with runoff and, consequently, floods. |
| format |
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Especialização) |
| author |
Pozzan, Bruna |
| author_sort |
Pozzan, Bruna |
| title |
Teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de São Lourenço do Oeste - SC |
| title_short |
Teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de São Lourenço do Oeste - SC |
| title_full |
Teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de São Lourenço do Oeste - SC |
| title_fullStr |
Teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de São Lourenço do Oeste - SC |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de São Lourenço do Oeste - SC |
| title_sort |
teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de são lourenço do oeste - sc |
| publisher |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| citation |
POZZAN, Bruna. Teste de infiltração em diferentes altitudes e cobertura do solo no município de São Lourenço do Oeste - SC. 2018. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Especialização em Gestão Ambiental em Municípios) - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Medianeira, 2018. |
| url |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/22491 |
| _version_ |
1805297745851842560 |
| score |
10,814766 |