Associação entre as características individuais, do ambiente escolar e da atividade física com a aptidão física de escolares
Improving and maintaining high levels of physical fitness can have considerable benefits, as physical fitness is considered an important health predictor, and its levels can be modified through physical activity. Physical activity is considered a complex behavior, which that happens in different con...
| Autor principal: | Saikawa, Ava Luana dos Santos |
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2021
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/24684 |
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| Resumo: |
Improving and maintaining high levels of physical fitness can have considerable benefits, as physical fitness is considered an important health predictor, and its levels can be modified through physical activity. Physical activity is considered a complex behavior, which that happens in different contexts and is influenced by the characteristics of the environment. In childhood and adolescence, the environment considered promising for physical activity is that of the school, as it is a place where children and adolescents stay for half period of day. Based on these relationships, the aim of this study was to analyze the associations between individual characteristics, physical activity and the school physical environment with the level of physical fitness. The design used in the study was cross-sectional, observational study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 756 students, aged eight to 11 years, enrolled in 20 urban schools from the Municipal Elementary School of São José dos Pinhais – PR. The components that constituted the general physical fitness score were: muscular strength, flexibility, muscular endurance, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness. The individual characteristics were established by the variables: sex, age, grade, weight status and dominance. The physical activity variable was formed by physical activities performed as a form of transport and leisure time. And the variables that integrated the characteristics of the physical environment were: games area, sports area, courts, total structures and areas available for the practice of physical activity. Associations were tested using hierarchical linear regression. The crude model was performed with bivariate analysis of the independent variables. Levels were considered for individual characteristics (1st level), physical activity (2nd level) and school environment (3rd level). The statistical analyzes were performed using the SPSS 23.0 software, keeping the level of significance at 5%. Regarding the general physical fitness score, associations were found in the variables age 10 years (β = 3.3 p = 0.039), fifth grade (β = 5.7 p <0.001), overweight (β = 4.4 p <0.001), team sports (β = 2.7 p = 0.003), cycling (β = 1.8 p = 0.037), games area (β = -0.2 p = 0.002). It is concluded that, to improve the levels of physical fitness, participation in team sports and cycling in leisure are the recommended activities. These results may assist physical education professionals and political representatives, supporting important decisions regarding the implementation of social and school programs in order to promote the improvement of physical fitness levels. |
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