Biodegradação dos antimicrobianos sulfametoxazol e trimetoprima por enzimas ligninolíticas de basidiomicetos
The sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) are among the most commonly used antibiotics in Brazil. After administration they are not completely metabolized by the body, being eliminated in its unchanged form via the urine, in percentages between 10% -30% for TMP and 50% -70% for SMX. These ex...
| Autor principal: | Hermann, Aline Cristine |
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| Formato: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação) |
| Idioma: | Português |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/9590 |
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| Resumo: |
The sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) are among the most commonly used antibiotics in Brazil. After administration they are not completely metabolized by the body, being eliminated in its unchanged form via the urine, in percentages between 10% -30% for TMP and 50% -70% for SMX. These expelled compounds are led through the sewer system to the wastewater treatment plants, which in general do not show efficiency in the removal of these substances, allowing SMX and TMP concentrations are discharged into rivers, and hence the water supply. Research has been carried out in order to find methods to promote degradation of these compounds. Biodegradation techniques have been explored and processes using fungi and their enzymes in the treatment of drugs have produced promising results. The fungus Trametes sp. It was grown in media containing varying concentrations of CuSO4 and grape pomace. The best condition for the production of the laccase obtained by the concentration was 2% of grape marc and 1,5 mM CuSO 4 added until the fifth day of culture. The crude extract containing enzymes, obtained by cultivation was used in biodegradation tests in vitro SMX and TMP. Three concentrations were tested for each drug (2,5 mg.L-1 , 5,0 mg.L-1 and 7,5 mg.L-1 ) in static conditions, agitated, in the presence and absence of the mediator acid 4- hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA). The results of the analysis by HPLC-DAD revealed that the addition of 0,89 units of enzyme promoted the degradation of both drugs in all tested conditions and concentrations, reaching minimal degradation of 17,48% and a maximum of 35,76% for SMX and minimum 11,14% and maximum of 27,57% of TMP. Removal of SMX and stirred occurred under static conditions, in the presence or absence of HBA. The removal rates of the samples subjected to these treatment conditions indiferem statistically to concentrations of 2,5 and 5 mg.L-1 . The biodegradation of SMX at a concentration of 75 mg.L-1 was enhanced in the presence of HBA under agitated and disadvantaged condition in static condition. TMP biodegradation rate at concentrations of 2,5 and 7,5 mg.L-1 is not significantly influenced by static condition biodegradation, stirred in the presence or absence of a mediator. Treatment of 5 mg.L-1 concentrations is favored in the presence of mediator, under static and disadvantaged condition in the absence of HBA in the same condition. |
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